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International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems

A Method to Synthesize Boolean Quantum Circuit Based on Reed-Muller Expansions

Shengchao Ding, Zhi Hao Jin

Published Jul 1, 2007• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents how to synthesize efficient Boolean quantum circuits (BQC) from Reed-Muller (RM) expansions of Boolean functions. Firstly, the method of Younes et al [A. Younes and J. F. Miller, International Journal of Electronics 91, 431 (2004)] is generalized to synthesize BQC for multiple outputs function. The transformation is straightforward. A technique rearranging the modified Toffoli gates is also presented to eliminate additive NOT gates as much as possible. Secondly, the approach synthesizing BQC without work qubits is proposed which is simple and high-efficient. The necessary conditions for the RM expansions which can be synthesized by the proposed method are derived too.

DOI
10.1109/icccas.2007.4348267

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This paper presents how to synthesize efficient Boolean quantum circuits (BQC) from Reed-Muller (RM) expansions of Boolean functions. Firstly, the method of Younes et al [A. Younes and J. F. Miller, International Journal of Electronics 91, 431 (2004)] is generalized to synthesize BQC for multiple outputs function. The transformation is straightforward. A technique rearranging the modified Toffoli gates is also presented to eliminate additive NOT gates as much as possible. Secondly, the approach synthesizing BQC without work qubits is proposed which is simple and high-efficient. The necessary conditions for the RM expansions which can be synthesized by the proposed method are derived too.
Abstract The construction of quantum computers is based on the synthesis of low-cost quantum circuits. The quantum circuit of any Boolean function expressed in a Positive Polarity Reed-Muller (PPRM) expansion can be synthesized using Multiple-Control Toffoli (MCT) gates. This paper proposes two algorithms to construct a quantum circuit for any Boolean function expressed in a PPRM expansion. The Boolean function can be expressed with various algebraic forms, so there are different quantum circuits can be synthesized for the Boolean function based on its algebraic form. The proposed algorithms aim to map the MCT gates into the NCV gates for any quantum circuit by generating a simple algebraic form for the Boolean function. The first algorithm generates a special algebraic form for any Boolean function by rearrangement of terms of the Boolean function according to a predefined degree of term d term , then synthesizes the corresponding quantum circuit. The second algorithm applies the decomposition methods to decompose MCT circuit into its elementary gates followed by applying a set of simplification rules to simplify and optimize the synthesized quantum circuit. The proposed algorithms achieve a reduction in the quantum cost of synthesized quantum circuits when compared with relevant work in the literature. The proposed algorithms synthesize quantum circuits that can applied on IBM quantum computer.
Reversible logic finds many applications, especially in the area of quantum computing. A completely specified n-input, n-output Boolean function is called reversible if it maps each input assignment to a unique output assignment and vice versa. Logic synthesis for reversible functions differs substantially from traditional logic synthesis and is currently an active area of research. The authors present an algorithm and tool for the synthesis of reversible functions. The algorithm uses the positive-polarity Reed-Muller expansion of a reversible function to synthesize the function as a network of Toffoli gates. At each stage, candidate factors, which represent subexpressions common between the Reed-Muller expansions of multiple outputs, are explored in the order of their attractiveness. The algorithm utilizes a priority-based search tree, and heuristics are used to rapidly prune the search space. The synthesis algorithm currently targets the generalized n-bit Toffoli gate library. However, other algorithms exist that can convert an n-bit Toffoli gate into a cascade of smaller Toffoli gates. Experimental results indicate that the authors' algorithm quickly synthesizes circuits when tested on the set of all reversible functions of three variables. Furthermore, it is able to quickly synthesize all four-variable and most five-variable reversible functions that were in the test suite. The authors also present results for some benchmark functions widely discussed in literature and some new benchmarks that the authors have developed. The algorithm is shown to synthesize many, but not all, randomly generated reversible functions of as many as 16 variables with a maximum gate count of 25
Combining several kinds of ideas of synthesis of reversible logic circuits,this paper presents a novel and efficient algorithm which can automatically derive the positive polarity Reed-Muller expansion(RM).A solution space tree of creating quantum reversible logic circuits is constructed.Firstly floor traversal is used in whole,and depth-first search is used in local.Secondly according to the technique of template optimization,the bound function is created which can rapidly eliminate the branches of none result or none optimal result.Thirdly factors of RM are considered first.Therefore the algorithm can effectively construct optimal result and saves computational cost significantly.
Abstract Boolean matrices and operations on Boolean matrices have become increasingly popular in quantum computing and quantum information because they can be used to represent quantum states and the corresponding operations. In this paper, we first give a quantum circuit direct synthesis of general Boolean matrix multiplication using Toffoli gates. We assign a qubit to each element of the matrix and add Toffoli gates at the corresponding positions where the matrix elements are multiplied according to the arithmetic of matrix multiplication. For n × p dimensional matrix A multiplied by p × m dimensional matrix B, np + pm + nm qubits and at most pmn Toffoli gates are used in total. Then, an improved heuristic algorithm based on matrix Hamming distance selection of CNOT gate is proposed to synthesize the quantum circuit of a matrix, without using wire switching and SWAP gates, using only CNOT gates. The results show that our method is as good as or better than the classical synthesis. Finally, the quantum circuit of Boolean matrix multiplication with at least one invertible or full-rank matrix using only CNOT gates is given, which is divided into five cases for discussion and analysis. For n × n dimensional invertible matrix A multiplied by n × m dimensional matrix B, nm qubits and at most mn 2 CNOT gates are used in total. For n × p dimensional column full-rank matrix A multiplied by p × m dimensional matrix B, nm qubits and at most pmn CNOT gates are used in total. The results show that this method uses less quantum resources to synthesize the quantum circuit of Boolean matrix multiplication. The correctness of the quantum circuits was verified by the Aer simulator of the IBM Quantum platform.