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IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting (LEOS)

Lasing in Cs at 852.1 nm pumped by the photoexcitation of Cs-rare gas collision pairs

Jason D. Readle, James Gary Eden

Published Oct 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the first Cs atomic laser operating at 852.1 nm pumped by photoassociating transient Cs-rare gas pairs. This scheme is well suited for high-power diode pumping and indicates that collisional relaxation is not required.
DOI
10.1109/leos.2009.5343259

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Photoassociation of alkali-rare gas atomic collision pairs provides an alternative approach to optically pumping atomic alkali lasers. Lasing on the 6 P21/2→6 S21/2 (D1) transition of Cs has been observed when the blue satellite of the 6 P23/2←6 S21/2 (D2) transition, peaking at ∼837 nm for mixtures of Cs vapor, Ar, and ethane, is pumped by a pulsed dye laser. For 50% output coupling, laser threshold with respect to absorbed pump energy is ∼40 μJ at T=435 K and the slope efficiency approaches 10%. The measured spectral breadth for the blue satellite (≳5 nm at 410 K) will accommodate cw pumping of the Cs laser with conventional semiconductor lasers.
Lasing on the D2 (6p P23/2→6s S21/2) transition of atomic Cs at 852.1 nm has been observed with a four level system in which the Cs 6p P23/2 state is pumped by the photoassociation and subsequent dissociation of Cs-rare gas collision pairs. Characterized by a quantum efficiency >98%, this laser requires no atomic precursor to the upper laser level and provides oscillation on an alkali transition inaccessible to three level, photopumped alkali laser systems. Measurements of photoabsorption and pump energy threshold in Cs–Ar–Kr mixtures reveal the influence of three body photoassociation.
Lasing on the 62P1/2→62S1/2(D1) resonance transition of atomic Cs at 894.3 nm has been demonstrated in mixtures of Ar, ethane, and Cs vapor by the photoexcitation of ground state Cs-Ar collision pairs and subsequent dissociation of diatomic, electronically-excited CsAr molecules (exciplexes or excimers). The blue satellites of the alkali D2 lines provide a pathway for optically pumping atomic alkali lasers on the principal series (resonance) transitions with broad linewidth (>2 nm) semiconductor diode lasers. In this paper we discuss different variations of this new laser system and the experiments of the initial demonstration.
Lasing on the D(1) transition (6P1/22-->6S1/22) of Cs has been observed by photoassociating Cs-Kr atomic pairs with a tunable, pulsed dye laser. Pumping of the blue or red satellites of the Cs D(2) line (62P3/2<==>62S1/2), peaking at approximately 841.1 nm and approximately 853 nm (respectively) in Cs/Kr/C(2)H(6) gas mixtures, provides a photodissociation laser in which the CsKr excimer parent molecule is not, at any point in the pumping process, in a bound electronic state. Relative to the absorbed pump pulse energy, laser slope efficiencies greater than or approximately 5% have been measured when the Cs number density is in the range of 5x10(14)-1.5x10(15) cm(-3) and the pump wavelength is 841.1 nm. Direct photoexcitation of the Cs 6P3/22 state at 852.1 nm under these conditions is a less efficient pathway for pumping the 894.3 nm laser, presumably as a result of competing nonlinear optical processes such as 1+2 resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization of the alkali atom.