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Quantum Electronics

Dynamics of ionisation and entanglement in the 'atom + quantum electromagnetic field' system

Polina R. Sharapova, Olga V. Tikhonova

Published Mar 31, 2012• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The dynamics of a model Rydberg atom in a strong nonclassical electromagnetic field is investigated. The field-induced transitions to the continuum involving different numbers of photons (with intermediate states in the discrete spectrum) are taken into account and the specific features of ionisation in 'squeezed' field states are considered in comparison with the case of classical light. A significant decrease in the ionisation rate is found, which is caused by the interference stabilisation of the atomic system. The entanglement of the atomic and field subsystems, the temporal dynamics of the correlations found, and the possibility of measuring them are analysed.

DOI
10.1070/qe2012v042n03abeh014805

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The dynamics of a model Rydberg atom in a strong nonclassical electromagnetic field is investigated. The field-induced transitions to the continuum involving different numbers of photons (with intermediate states in the discrete spectrum) are taken into account and the specific features of ionisation in 'squeezed' field states are considered in comparison with the case of classical light. A significant decrease in the ionisation rate is found, which is caused by the interference stabilisation of the atomic system. The entanglement of the atomic and field subsystems, the temporal dynamics of the correlations found, and the possibility of measuring them are analysed.
The interaction of a model Rydberg atom with a single photon quantum field is investigated. The atom is considered in the model of 'several bound states+continuum', so that the field-induced ionization from initially populated Rydberg states as well as the resonance coupling with a lower-lying bound state are taken into account. The significant suppression of the ionization due to interference mechanism is established and strong entanglement with a quantum field subsystem is found. Methods to control the atomic behavior and to produce strongly entangled atom–photon states are suggested. The possibility to measure the degree of entanglement experimentally is demonstrated.
The ionization of a model atom in a strong single-mode non-classical electromagnetic field is studied beyond the perturbation approach using the model of ``one discrete level + continuum'' for the atom. Explicit analytical expressions for the time-dependent probability of atomic ionization are obtained for different initial states of radiative field: Fock state, coherent wave packet, squeezed vacuum state. The results are compared to the ionization decay of discrete atomic level in a classical light field, and are analyzed for different mean number of radiative photons. The time-dependent distribution of the quantized field over photon number states is examined.
The ionization of an atom by a nonclassical electromagnetic field has been studied by a method developed to obtain results for an arbitrary initial state of the field, including squeezed vacuum with a large average number of photons. Characteristics of the ionization of atomic systems by nonclassical squeezed light have been demonstrated for the first time. In contrast to the case of a coherent field, a significantly smoother decrease in the contributions of different above-threshold channels to ionization has been found. Features of photo-electron spectra in continuum have been revealed for the first time as a significant overlapping of peaks from different ionization channels.
Abstract Interaction between a quantum electromagnetic field and a model Ry atom with possible transitions to the continuum and to the low-lying resonant state is investigated. Strong sensitivity of atomic dynamics to the phase of applied coherent and squeezed vacuum light is found. Methods to extract the quantum field phase performing the measurements on the atomic system are proposed. In the case of the few-photon coherent state high accuracy of the phase determination is demonstrated, which appears to be much higher in comparison to the usually used quantum-optical methods such as homodyne detection.
The ionization dynamics of two interacting Rydberg atoms in a strong laser field has been investigated. Each atom has been described in the “two discrete levels + continuum” model. Quasienergy states in this system, which describe field-dressed atoms, have been studied. It has been shown that one of the quasienergy states corresponds to the formation of an atomic state stable against ionization, which leads to the interference stabilization regime first observed in the case of individual atoms in [M. V. Fedorov and A. M. Movsesian, J. Phys. B 21 , L155 (1988)]. Methods for creating entangled states in this system have been proposed and the dynamics of entanglement in the process of interaction with the laser field has been analyzed.
We consider the dynamics of an atom that interacts with one mode of an electromagnetic field in a microcavity. We discuss the reconstruction of the spectrum of atomic states and the occurrence of a stabilization effect for the case of a nonclassical state of the field mode, in particular, a squeezed vacuum state. We show that, for nonclassical fields, an ionization-suppression effect also arises (stabilization), which is similar to the Kramers-Henneberger stabilization in a classical electromagnetic field, and, for squeezed states of the electromagnetic field, the stabilization threshold is several times smaller than that for the classical electro-magnetic field of the same intensity.