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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

High-order resonances of the quantum δ-kicked accelerator

Vijayashankar Ramareddy, G. Behinaein, Ishan Talukdar, Peyman Ahmadi, G. S. Summy

Published Feb 1, 2010• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the observation of high-order resonances of the quantum δ-kicked accelerator using a BEC kicked by a standing wave of light. The signature of these resonances is the existence of quantum accelerator modes. For the first time quantum accelerator modes were seen near 1/2, 2/3 and 1/3 of the half-Talbot time. Using a BEC enabled the internal momentum state structure of the modes and resonances to be studied for the first time. This structure has many similarities to that present in the fractional Talbot effect. We present a theory for this system based on rephasing of momentum orders and apply it to predict the behavior of the accelerator modes around a resonance of any order.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/89/33001

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We report the observation of high-order resonances of the quantum δ-kicked accelerator using a BEC kicked by a standing wave of light. The signature of these resonances is the existence of quantum accelerator modes. For the first time quantum accelerator modes were seen near 1/2, 2/3 and 1/3 of the half-Talbot time. Using a BEC enabled the internal momentum state structure of the modes and resonances to be studied for the first time. This structure has many similarities to that present in the fractional Talbot effect. We present a theory for this system based on rephasing of momentum orders and apply it to predict the behavior of the accelerator modes around a resonance of any order.
We report the observation of high order resonances of the quantum δδδ-kicked accelerator using a BEC kicked by a standing wave of light. The signature of these resonances is the existence of quantum accelerator modes. For the first time quantum accelerator modes were seen near 1/4 and 1/3 of the Talbot time. Using a BEC enabled us to study the detailed structure of the modes and resonances which are related to the fractional Talbot effect. We present a general theory for this system and apply it to predict the behavior of the accelerator modes.
We have observed high-order quantum resonances in a realization of the quantum delta-kicked rotor, using Bose-condensed Na atoms subjected to a pulsed standing wave of laser light. These resonances occur for pulse intervals that are rational fractions of the Talbot time, and are characterized by ballistic momentum transfer to the atoms. The condensate's narrow momentum distribution not only permits the observation of the quantum resonances at 3/4 and 1/3 of the Talbot time, but also allows us to study scaling laws for the resonance width in quasimomentum and pulse interval.
We investigate the creation mechanism of quantum accelerator modes which are attributed to the existence of the stability islands in an underlying pseudoclassical phase space of the quantum delta-kicked accelerator. Quantum accelerator modes can be created by exposing a Bose-Einstein condensate to a pulsed standing light wave. We show that constructive interference between momentum states populated by the pulsed light determines the stability island's existence in the underlying pseudoclassical phase space. We generalize this interference model to incorporate higher-order accelerator modes, showing that they are generated if the rephasing occurs after multiple pulses. The model is extended to predict the momentum structure of the quantum accelerator modes close to higher-order quantum resonances. These predictions are in good agreement with our experimental observations.
We experimentally explore the underlying pseudoclassical phase space structure of the quantum delta-kicked accelerator. This was achieved by exposing a Bose-Einstein condensate to the spatially corrugated potential created by pulses of an off-resonant standing light wave. For the first time quantum accelerator modes were realized in such a system. By utilizing the narrow momentum distribution of the condensate we were able to observe the discrete momentum state structure of a quantum accelerator mode and also to directly measure the size of the structures in the phase space.
In this thesis we investigate quantum resonant effects in the atom-optical ὁ-kicked accelerator. Using Floquet analysis, we theoretically study the time evolution of quantum systems which have a classical counterpart that exhibits chaotic dynamics. We introduce quantum resonance and quantum antiresonance features of the quantum ὁ -kicked rotor by setting the pulse period to an integer multiple of the half-Talbot time. The model is generalised to the atom-optical ὁ -kicked accelerator by considering thermal alkali atoms subject to a periodically pulsed standing wave potential formed from counter-propagating laser beams. The dynamics of the momentum distribution is analysed by evaluating the momentum moments and momentum cumulants. We derive analytic solutions for these observables for the ultracold and thermal limiting cases, and observe fractional quantum resonant phenomena. Simulations have been developed to examine the time evolution for individual momentum eigenstates, which we use to construct a non-interacting finite temperature gas, based upon a Monte Carlo method. We investigate the temperature dependence of the ὁ-kicked rotor, neglecting gravitational effects, and show that the atomic dynamics is highly sensitive to the initial momentum width of the gas. A generalisation of the model to quantify the transition between the ultracold and thermal temperature regimes of the atom-optical ὁ -kicked accelerator is examined using linear regression analysis. High order quantum resonance features are found to be sensitive to the relative acceleration between the atomic gas and the pulsed optical standing wave. We assess the dependence of the ὁ -kicked accelerator upon gravitational acceleration, quantifying the width of the high order quantum resonance features, which we use to assess the prospect for precision measurement using a finite temperature gas.