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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Polarization stability of SIT solitons

V. N. Lisin

Published Nov 15, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The stability of polarization, areas and number of self- induced transparency (SIT)-solitons on an output the LaF3: Pr3+ sample is theoretically researched versus of the polarization direction and the area of the input linearly polarized laser pulse. For this purpose the Vector Area Theorem is rederived taking into account directions of the dipole matrix element vectors of the six different subgroups of Pr3+ ions. It is shown that there are SIT solitons, which polarizations are directed so between as along the crystallographic axes in the LaF3:Pr3+. For an absorbing medium the interference of these ion's subgroups reduces that SIT-solitons are stable if its polarization is directed between the crystallographic axes. Solitons are nonstable, if its polarization are directed along one of the crystallographic axes: a small change of an input pulse polarization reduces to a soliton splitting up into two separate solitons, which polarizations are directed between the crystallographic axes under an angle +30 and accordingly -30 degrees to the given axis. For an amplifying medium it is just on the contrary.

DOI
10.1117/12.447976

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The stability of polarization, areas and number of self- induced transparency (SIT)-solitons on an output the LaF3: Pr3+ sample is theoretically researched versus of the polarization direction and the area of the input linearly polarized laser pulse. For this purpose the Vector Area Theorem is rederived taking into account directions of the dipole matrix element vectors of the six different subgroups of Pr3+ ions. It is shown that there are SIT solitons, which polarizations are directed so between as along the crystallographic axes in the LaF3:Pr3+. For an absorbing medium the interference of these ion's subgroups reduces that SIT-solitons are stable if its polarization is directed between the crystallographic axes. Solitons are nonstable, if its polarization are directed along one of the crystallographic axes: a small change of an input pulse polarization reduces to a soliton splitting up into two separate solitons, which polarizations are directed between the crystallographic axes under an angle +30 and accordingly -30 degrees to the given axis. For an amplifying medium it is just on the contrary.
The stability of polarization, areas, and the number of self-induced transparency (SIT) solitons at the output of the LaF 3 : Pr 3+ crystal is theoretically studied versus the polarization direction and the area of the input linearly polarized laser pulse. For this purpose, the Vector Area Theorem is rederived and the two-dimensional Vector Area Theorem map is obtained. The map is governed by the crystal symmetry and takes into account directions of the dipole matrix element vectors of the different site subgroups of optically excited ions. The Vector Area Theorem mapping of the time evolution of the laser pulse allows one to highlight soliton polarization properties.
Self-induced transparency (SIT) is a kind of coherent transient phenomena in two-level atomic system. The optical pulse with an area that is an integer multiple of 2π, which causes SIT in an absorber, is stable and a kind of soliton. Thus SIT is expected to be useful in pulse compression and pulse shaping. In this paper, we discuss some problems in experiments of SIT and surveys the experimental results of SIT. It is also described the recent experimental results of coherent nonlinear pulse propagation in BiI3 crystal using tunable sub-picosecond pulses.
Formation of optical solitons in self-induced transparency (SIT) regime, where light pulses propagate virtually without loss in nominally strongly absorbing medium, is one of the most striking coherent transient phenomena in optics. Here we study experimentally and by numeric simulations how a square shape pulse gradually transforms into a smooth sech shape pulse of well-defined pulse area, depending on the parameters such as the pulse amplitude, duration, propagation distance etc. The SIT experiments for circularly polarized light are performed in the R1−3∕2) line of a 30 ppm ruby (α-Al2O3:Cr3+) at 1.7 K in a magnetic field of BIIc = 4.5 T, which corresponds to effective absorption coefficient, αL =14.5. In such a magnetic field and temperature range, a 30 ppm ruby is in the so-called superhyperfine limit resulting in a very long decoherence (phase memory) time, TM = 50 μs. We show, in good quantitative agreement with the simulations, how SIT soliton is formatted and how this results in extremely slow pulse peak propagation velocity of ∼300 m∕s, which is to date, the slowest pulse propagation ever observed in a SIT experiment. We also show that for accurate quantitative description of the observed SIT and soliton pulse shapes, the simulations need to account for variation of the incident pulse amplitude across the beam spatial profile. Potential implications of the SIT effect on classical- and quantum information storage will be discussed.
Resonant absorption in a laser pulse can be reduced to zero if the trailing part induces stimulated emission and returns the absorbed energy back to the pulse. This kind of effect is called Self-Induced Transparency (SIT). Analytic descriptions of short pulse propagation in a resonant medium, based on Slowly Varying Envelope Approximation (SVEA) and in linear media, have been extended in studies of SIT along two principal directions: First, to improve the SVEA by introducing Short Pulse Approximation (SPA); and second, to consider the effect of nonlinear refractive index.
In self-induced-transparency (SIT) mode locking, 2\ensuremath{\pi} SIT solitons with a duration much smaller than the polarization relaxation time T2{T}_{2}T2​ in the gain and absorber are formed in a laser cavity. This is in contrast to standard passive mode-locking schemes based on gain and absorption saturation. Despite the great promise, up to now SIT mode locking with 2\ensuremath{\pi} pulses was mainly studied theoretically. In this paper, a stable self-starting passive mode locking is demonstrated experimentally in a Ti:sapphire laser with a Rb vapor cell. We show that the mode locking indeed appears to be due to SIT in the Rb cell; that is, the pulse in the Rb cell is a 2\ensuremath{\pi} SIT soliton. We also confirm self-starting of the SIT mode locking. Self-starting takes place via a set of intermediate regimes, including the one containing zero-area pulses.