Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Stochastic realization shift in the ground-state hyperfine transition of an alkali-metal vapor

James C. Camparo

Published Jul 1, 1996• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Several years ago, a resonance-shift phenomenon was predicted to exist, termed the stochastic realization shift (SRS), which arises as a consequence of correlated amplitude and frequency variations in a resonant field. An interesting aspect of the phenomenon is that the sign of the SRS in weak and strong fields has been shown to differ. Here, we demonstrate that the SRS may be conveniently studied over a broad range of field strengths via magnetic resonance in an optically pumped alkali-metal vapor. Specifically, we study the SRS in the ground state 0-0 hyperfine transition of ${\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}$ for a field undergoing stochastic (yet correlated) amplitude-frequency fluctuations. Under our experimental conditions we find no evidence for a change in sign of the SRS as the field strength undergoes a transition from weak to strong. Further, our results show that in strong fields the magnitude of the SRS may be influenced by the field's spatial variations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.54.410

Related papers

Magnetic Resonance Reversals in Optically Pumped Alkali-Metal Vapor

Feiyan Gong, Yuan‐Yu Jau, W. Happer

We report an unusual phenomenon, peculiar sign reversals of the ground-state magnetic resonances and of the zero-dip resonance (Zeeman resonance at zero field) of optically pumped, alkali-metal vapors. These anomalies occur when a weak circularly polarized $D1$ laser light is tuned to pump atoms predominantly from the lower ground-state hyperfine multiplet. One can understand the signal reversals in a simple, semiquantitative way with reference to the spin-temperature distribution. Quantitative computer simulations are in excellent agreement with observations.

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Jun 7, 2007•0 citations

Magnetic resonance reversals in optically pumped alkali-metal vapor

F. Gong, Yuan‐Yu Jau, W. Happer

We report an unusual phenomenon, peculiar sign reversals of the ground-state magnetic resonances and of the zero-dip resonance (Zeeman resonance at zero field) of optically pumped, alkali-metal vapors. These anomalies occur when a weak circularly polarized $D1$ laser light is tuned to pump atoms predominantly from the lower ground-state hyperfine multiplet. One can understand the signal reversals in a simple, semiquantitative way with reference to the spin-temperature distribution. Quantitative computer simulations are in excellent agreement with observations.

Physical Review A•May 25, 2007•5 citations

Relaxation and generation of hyperfine coherences in an optically pumped heavy-alkali-metal vapor undergoing double-resonance excitation

Juan Antonio Vallés, J. M. Alvarez

An extension of a theory of the relaxation, generation, and detection of Zeeman components in the presence of a weak static magnetic field to experiments where hyperfine coherences are also involved is presented. Our study focuses on the geometrical aspects of the optical-microwave double-resonance experiments without considering the transition-profile related phenomena. We determine the coupled evolution equations of the Zeeman and hyperfine components of the atomic density matrix in the irreducible formalism and calculate the stationary solutions to these equations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1996•4 citations

Atomic stabilization of field intensity using Rabi resonances

John G. Coffer, James C. Camparo

Just as it is possible to stabilize the frequency of an electromagnetic field to an atomic resonance between energy eigenstates, it is possible to stabilize the intensity or brightness of a field to an atomic Rabi resonance. For ease of reference, such a stabilized field is termed an ``atomic candle.'' Here, we describe a microwave atomic candle based on the $(F=2,$ ${m}_{F}=0)$--$(F=1,$ ${m}_{F}=0)$ ground-state hyperfine transition of ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ (6834.7 MHz) as observed in an optically pumped vapor. We discuss the atomic candle's operation and the intensity stability of the field it produces (relative to the Rabi-resonance peak). We then discuss our use of the candle to investigate Rabi-resonance shifts. Specifically, we find that the Rabi resonance depends on the ac Stark shift of the hyperfine transition, the microwave field-atom detuning, and the alkali-metal vapor temperature.

Physical Review A•Jun 15, 2000•32 citations

Linewidths of the 0-0 hyperfine transition in optically pumped alkali-metal vapors

James C. Camparo, R. P. Frueholz

A generalized model for the magnetic resonance signal corresponding to the 0-0 hyperfine transition in an optically pumped alkali-metal vapor is presented. Under conditions of microwave power broadening, the model predicts ``anomalous'' light broadening and ``anomalous'' relaxation narrowing of the magnetic resonance linewidth. Good agreement between theory and experiment was obtained in an experiment that confirmed the prediction of anomalous light broadening. These results show that the 0-0 hyperfine transition cannot be described as a simple two-level system; rather, the alkali-atom's nuclear spin plays an important role in determining the magnetic resonance linewidth.

Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1985•41 citations

Observation of the stochastic realization shift in the weak-field limit

Martin P. van Exter, D. Boersma, A. K. Jansen van Doorn +1 more

The amplitude-phase coupling of a stochastically varying field has been predicted to lead to a shift of the effective resonance frequency when this field interacts with a two-level system. Experimentally, we have generated such a field by passing a semiconductor laser beam through a Michelson interferometer, thereby converting part of the intrinsic phase flucutations into amplitude fluctuations. We find indeed a shifted resonance frequency when this beam interacts with the Rb ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ transition. Depending on the path-length difference of the interferometer, shifts of more than 10 MHz have been measured. The experiments have been performed in the weak-field limit. This allows a convolution-type interpretation of the stochastic realization shift.

Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1994•3 citations
Several years ago, a resonance-shift phenomenon was predicted to exist, termed the stochastic realization shift (SRS), which arises as a consequence of correlated amplitude and frequency variations in a resonant field. An interesting aspect of the phenomenon is that the sign of the SRS in weak and strong fields has been shown to differ. Here, we demonstrate that the SRS may be conveniently studied over a broad range of field strengths via magnetic resonance in an optically pumped alkali-metal vapor. Specifically, we study the SRS in the ground state 0-0 hyperfine transition of Rb87{\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}Rb87 for a field undergoing stochastic (yet correlated) amplitude-frequency fluctuations. Under our experimental conditions we find no evidence for a change in sign of the SRS as the field strength undergoes a transition from weak to strong. Further, our results show that in strong fields the magnitude of the SRS may be influenced by the field's spatial variations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We report an unusual phenomenon, peculiar sign reversals of the ground-state magnetic resonances and of the zero-dip resonance (Zeeman resonance at zero field) of optically pumped, alkali-metal vapors. These anomalies occur when a weak circularly polarized D1D1D1 laser light is tuned to pump atoms predominantly from the lower ground-state hyperfine multiplet. One can understand the signal reversals in a simple, semiquantitative way with reference to the spin-temperature distribution. Quantitative computer simulations are in excellent agreement with observations.
We report an unusual phenomenon, peculiar sign reversals of the ground-state magnetic resonances and of the zero-dip resonance (Zeeman resonance at zero field) of optically pumped, alkali-metal vapors. These anomalies occur when a weak circularly polarized D1D1D1 laser light is tuned to pump atoms predominantly from the lower ground-state hyperfine multiplet. One can understand the signal reversals in a simple, semiquantitative way with reference to the spin-temperature distribution. Quantitative computer simulations are in excellent agreement with observations.
An extension of a theory of the relaxation, generation, and detection of Zeeman components in the presence of a weak static magnetic field to experiments where hyperfine coherences are also involved is presented. Our study focuses on the geometrical aspects of the optical-microwave double-resonance experiments without considering the transition-profile related phenomena. We determine the coupled evolution equations of the Zeeman and hyperfine components of the atomic density matrix in the irreducible formalism and calculate the stationary solutions to these equations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Just as it is possible to stabilize the frequency of an electromagnetic field to an atomic resonance between energy eigenstates, it is possible to stabilize the intensity or brightness of a field to an atomic Rabi resonance. For ease of reference, such a stabilized field is termed an ``atomic candle.'' Here, we describe a microwave atomic candle based on the (F=2,(F=2,(F=2, mF=0){m}_{F}=0)mF​=0)--(F=1,(F=1,(F=1, mF=0){m}_{F}=0)mF​=0) ground-state hyperfine transition of 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb (6834.7 MHz) as observed in an optically pumped vapor. We discuss the atomic candle's operation and the intensity stability of the field it produces (relative to the Rabi-resonance peak). We then discuss our use of the candle to investigate Rabi-resonance shifts. Specifically, we find that the Rabi resonance depends on the ac Stark shift of the hyperfine transition, the microwave field-atom detuning, and the alkali-metal vapor temperature.
A generalized model for the magnetic resonance signal corresponding to the 0-0 hyperfine transition in an optically pumped alkali-metal vapor is presented. Under conditions of microwave power broadening, the model predicts ``anomalous'' light broadening and ``anomalous'' relaxation narrowing of the magnetic resonance linewidth. Good agreement between theory and experiment was obtained in an experiment that confirmed the prediction of anomalous light broadening. These results show that the 0-0 hyperfine transition cannot be described as a simple two-level system; rather, the alkali-atom's nuclear spin plays an important role in determining the magnetic resonance linewidth.
The amplitude-phase coupling of a stochastically varying field has been predicted to lead to a shift of the effective resonance frequency when this field interacts with a two-level system. Experimentally, we have generated such a field by passing a semiconductor laser beam through a Michelson interferometer, thereby converting part of the intrinsic phase flucutations into amplitude fluctuations. We find indeed a shifted resonance frequency when this beam interacts with the Rb D2{\mathit{D}}_{2}D2​ transition. Depending on the path-length difference of the interferometer, shifts of more than 10 MHz have been measured. The experiments have been performed in the weak-field limit. This allows a convolution-type interpretation of the stochastic realization shift.