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Physical Review A

Enhanced absorption Hanle effect in the configuration of crossed laser beam and magnetic field

Ferruccio Renzoni, S. Cartaleva, G. Alzetta, E. Arimondo

Published May 10, 2001• 84 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have analyzed the Hanle effect on the closed ${F}_{\mathrm{g}}=\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{3}{F}_{\mathrm{e}}=4$ ${D}_{2}$-line transition of ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}.$ Exciting the rubidium atoms by circularly polarized laser light, and scanning an applied transverse magnetic field, a bright resonance Hanle signal is obtained at different values of an applied longitudinal magnetic field. We report experimental and numerical evidence of this bright resonance.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.63.065401

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We have analyzed the Hanle effect on the closed Fg=3\ensuremath→Fe=4{F}_{\mathrm{g}}=\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{3}{F}_{\mathrm{e}}=4Fg​=3\ensuremath→​Fe​=4 D2{D}_{2}D2​-line transition of 85Rb.{}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}.85Rb. Exciting the rubidium atoms by circularly polarized laser light, and scanning an applied transverse magnetic field, a bright resonance Hanle signal is obtained at different values of an applied longitudinal magnetic field. We report experimental and numerical evidence of this bright resonance.
We analyze the Hanle effect on the closed Fg equals 3 yields Fe equals 4 D2-line transition of 85Rb, by both numerical solutions of the optical Bloch equations and by experimental investigations on cell containing rubidium vapor. For laser radiation with linear polarization orthogonal to the applied magnetic field, the Hanle signal is characterized by narrow bright resonances at low laser intensities. A bright resonance Hanle signal is obtained also exciting the rubidium atoms by circularly polarized laser light and scanning a transversely applied magnetic field, at different values of an applied longitudinal magnetic field. We report experimental and numerical evidence of this new bright resonance.
We analyse the Hanle effect on a closed F g → F e = F g + 1 transition. Two configurations are examined, for linearly and circularly polarized laser radiation, with the applied magnetic field collinear to the laser light wavevector. We describe the peculiarities of the Hanle signal for linearly polarized laser excitation, characterized by narrow bright resonances at low laser intensities. The mechanism behind this effect is identified, and numerical solutions for the optical Bloch equations are presented for different transitions.
Using the closed ${F}_{g}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{F}_{e}={F}_{g}+1$ D2D2D2 line transition of Rb atoms, we report experimental and numerical evidence of influence of additional transverse magnetic field when examining electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in the Hanle configuration. The effect was analyzed with two directions of additional magnetic field and in the cases of excitation with linear, elliptical, and circular laser light polarization. The transverse magnetic field brings substantial differences in the resonance line shape, amplitude, and width. Our theoretical model includes Doppler broadening. Numerical solutions of our theoretical model are in good agreement with experimental results. This analysis points out the importance of the presence of stray magnetic fields when studying EIA.
Abstract The influence of the closed transition on the neighboring and open transitions of the 87 Rb D 2 line, partially resolved under Doppler broadening, is studied at different ellipticities in the Hanle configuration with longitudinal and transverse magnetic field scans. We show that a sign reversal from an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance to an electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) resonance occurs with an increase in ellipticity for the transition in a transverse field scan. This transformation is not observed for a longitudinal field scan. These observations are attributed to the higher amplitude of the EIA resonance for the transition in transverse field scans for elliptical polarized light. The EIA character in the Hanle transmission profile of and transitions is enhanced (weakened) when the laser beam frequency is detuned towards (away from) the transition. We show by computation that at higher ellipticities, a transformation from an EIT to an EIA resonance for the transition occurs at low frequency shifts (towards the transition) in a transverse field scan.
We have studied experimentally and theoretically Hanle EIA on the closed Fg = 3 goes to Fe = 4 D2 transition of 85Rb. Atoms were excited by the laser light with different polarization, from linear to circular. Results of the theoretical calculations of the laser transmission, based on optical Bloch equations for density matrix elements for the same atomic system, show important effects of magnetic field transverse to the laser light. We were not able to control transverse magnetic field in the experiment but the theoretical results are still applicable to our experimental data due the presence of laboratory stray magnetic field in the vicinity of the Rb cell, occurring because of imperfect magnetic shielding.
We computationally compare Hanle-type resonances for a transition of the line for magnetic field scans parallel (longitudinal scan) and perpendicular (transverse scan) to the direction of propagation of the optical field in the presence of an additional transverse magnetic field (TMF). For a linearly polarized light, the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances split at line centre and are identical for both longitudinal and transverse scans. When the probe beam ellipticity is varied, the effect of the TMF is found to be opposite for longitudinal and transverse scans. For a longitudinal scan, the splitting observed in the CPT resonance evolves into an enhanced absorption resonance with an increase in ellipticity. For a transverse scan, the splitting vanishes at higher ellipticities. This can be understood in terms of population redistribution in the ground state sublevels and near-neighbor ground state coherences created by the TMF. We also show that the enhanced absorption signal that splits the CPT resonance strongly depends on transit time, and the CPT resonance strength depends on the excited state dephasing rate.