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Physica B Condensed Matter

Hydrodynamic approach to vortex stability in trapped Bose condensates

Emil Lundh

Published Jul 1, 2000• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0921-4526(99)01953-5

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We present a theoretical analysis of dilute gas Bose-Einstein condensates with dipolar atomic interactions under rotation in elliptical traps. Working in the Thomas-Fermi limit, we employ the classical hydrodynamic equations to first derive the rotating condensate solutions and then consider their response to perturbations. We thereby map out the regimes of stability and instability for rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates and, in the latter case, discuss the possibility of vortex lattice formation. We employ our results to propose several routes to induce vortex lattice formation in a dipolar condensate.
Summary form only given.The study of the properties of vortices is one of the major subfields of superfluidity. In helium II, it has been shown that a hydrodynamic instability involving vortex lines can be caused by counterflow along the lines, an effect involving the interplay between normal and super-fluids. Here, we present a study on the stability property of the vortex states of a condensate confined in a two-dimensional harmonic spherical potential at zero temperature. Our work does not take the thermal atoms into account, but instead focuses on the intrinsic coupling between vortex states.
A theoretical study of vortex-lattice formation in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined by a rotating elliptical trap is presented. For the conventional case of purely s-wave interatomic interactions, this is done through a consideration of both hydrodynamic equations and time-dependent simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We discriminate three distinct, experimentally testable regimes of instability: ripple, interbranch , and catastrophic . Additionally, we generalize the classical hydrodynamical approach to include long-range dipolar interactions, showing how the static solutions and their stability in the rotating frame are significantly altered. This enables us to examine the routes towards unstable dynamics, which, in analogy to conventional condensates, may lead to vortex-lattice formation.