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Physica B Condensed Matter

The t-J model: Anyons, flux states, spinons, holons, and all that

S. E. Barnes

Published Aug 1, 1990• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Even for the J = 0 limit of the t - J model, the spinons and holons are anyonic and the mean-field approach to this anyon problem results in a finite flux ground state.
DOI
10.1016/s0921-4526(09)80079-3

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In this paper, we studied the statistical behavior of anyons with isospin degrees of freedom, in which the fluctuation of isospin degrees of freedom satisfies the O(3) nonlinear σ model. Under the mean field treatment, this model is in somewhat equivalent to the doped or frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnetic (AFM) model. We also studied the relation between the statistical field A μ , and Skyrmion current B μ . Finally, we set up the relation between flux states and spinon statistics, and the conditions of Bose condensation of holons. In particular, for π -flux state of A μ , the spinons are bosons, the holons satisfy 2/3 fractional statistics.
For finite doping, \ensuremath{\delta}, relative to half filling, it is shown, within the confines of a mean-field auxiliary-operator formulation, for the strictly infinite-U, i.e., J=0, limit of the two-dimensional Hubbard model, that the spinons generate a fictitious magnetic flux to which holons are subject and vice versa. For small doping, a flux state is the absolute ground state and has 1-\ensuremath{\delta}=2p/q, where p/q is a rational fraction and the flux per plaquette is \ensuremath{\Phi}=(p/q)${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}}_{0}$, where ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}}_{0}$ is the flux quantum. This phenomenon can be viewed upon as an all-electron Peierls instability or as broken statistical symmetry.