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Optics Communications

On the light force upon a single trapped three-level ion

H. Gilhaus, Thilo Sauter, Werner Neuhauser, R. Blatt, P. E. Toschek

Published Dec 1, 1988• 18 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(88)90063-6

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The results of a recent experiment on the mechanical interaction of a bichromatic light beam with a single three-level ion serve to redefine laser cooling of ions in a trap and of atoms in standing light waves. Novel variants of light forces are demonstrated. They are caused by stimulated Raman-type two-photon transitions combined with spontaneous Raman scattering and by all-stimulated parametric interaction. These efficient processes parallel the generation of a stimulated light force in a standing wave and the operation of a free-electron laser, respectively. The latter force imposes no natural limit on the residual excitation energy of trapped particles.

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Forces drive all physical interactions. High-sensitivity measurement of the effect of forces enables the quantitative investigation of physical phenomena. Laser-cooled trapped atomic ions are a well-controlled quantum system whose low mass, strong Coulomb interaction, and readily detectable fluorescence signal make them a favorable platform for precision metrology. We demonstrate a three-dimensional sub-attonewton sensitivity force sensor based on a super-resolution imaging of a single trapped ion. The force is detected by measuring the ion's displacement in three dimensions with nanometer precision. Observed sensitivities were 372 ± 9, 347 ± 18, and 808 ± 51 zN/[Formula: see text], corresponding to 24×, 87×, and 21× above the quantum limit. We verified this technique by measuring a 95-zN light pressure force, an important systematic effect in optically based sensors.

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Nonlinear Effects in Trapped Three-Level Ions

H. Gilhaus, Thilo Sauter, R. Blatt +2 more

Springer eBooks•Jan 1, 1989•0 citations
The results of a recent experiment on the mechanical interaction of a bichromatic light beam with a single three-level ion serve to redefine laser cooling of ions in a trap and of atoms in standing light waves. Novel variants of light forces are demonstrated. They are caused by stimulated Raman-type two-photon transitions combined with spontaneous Raman scattering and by all-stimulated parametric interaction. These efficient processes parallel the generation of a stimulated light force in a standing wave and the operation of a free-electron laser, respectively. The latter force imposes no natural limit on the residual excitation energy of trapped particles.
Forces drive all physical interactions. High-sensitivity measurement of the effect of forces enables the quantitative investigation of physical phenomena. Laser-cooled trapped atomic ions are a well-controlled quantum system whose low mass, strong Coulomb interaction, and readily detectable fluorescence signal make them a favorable platform for precision metrology. We demonstrate a three-dimensional sub-attonewton sensitivity force sensor based on a super-resolution imaging of a single trapped ion. The force is detected by measuring the ion's displacement in three dimensions with nanometer precision. Observed sensitivities were 372 ± 9, 347 ± 18, and 808 ± 51 zN/[Formula: see text], corresponding to 24×, 87×, and 21× above the quantum limit. We verified this technique by measuring a 95-zN light pressure force, an important systematic effect in optically based sensors.