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Technical Physics Letters

On the stability of synchronization of counterpropagating superfluorescence pulses

Yu. A. Avetisyan

Published Jun 1, 2002• 0 citations

Abstract

Correlation of the parameters (delay times, peak intensities) of counterpropagating superfluorescence pulses is studied within the framework of a one-dimensional theoretical model depending on the sharpness of boundaries of the excitation region. The concentration N 0 of the initially excited active centers is described by a smoothed profile (decaying to zero within the h − and h + wide intervals at the left-and right-hand ends of the sample, respectively), rather than by a rectangular profile. It is established that variation of the excitation region boundary widths h ± does not eliminate the observed correlations. Moreover, the correlations can significantly increase for the samples with a length of L = n λ/2, where n is any natural number and λ is the resonance light wavelength. The oscillating dependence of the parameters of counterpropagating superfluorescence pulses on the h ± values and a significant asymmetry of these pulses for h − ≠ h + are discussed.

DOI: 10.1134/1.1490975

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•Jan 1, 1995•1 citation

Correlation of the parameters (delay times, peak intensities) of counterpropagating superfluorescence pulses is studied within the framework of a one-dimensional theoretical model depending on the sharpness of boundaries of the excitation region. The concentration N 0 of the initially excited active centers is described by a smoothed profile (decaying to zero within the h − and h + wide intervals at the left-and right-hand ends of the sample, respectively), rather than by a rectangular profile. It is established that variation of the excitation region boundary widths h ± does not eliminate the observed correlations. Moreover, the correlations can significantly increase for the samples with a length of L = n λ/2, where n is any natural number and λ is the resonance light wavelength. The oscillating dependence of the parameters of counterpropagating superfluorescence pulses on the h ± values and a significant asymmetry of these pulses for h − ≠ h + are discussed.

The evolution of a superfluorescent pulse is studied in the region of large sample lengths.A solution to the Maxwell-Bloch semiclassical equations is found by using the inverse scattering method.It has the form of a onesoliton solution with varying parameters.Dependence on the pulse width and the retarded time is found without further approximations.These parameters are shown to be independent of the inhomogeneous broadening time.Their values are in good agreement with experiment.Asymmetry of the pulse is also investigated.

Numerical simulations of an extended sample of three-level atoms with slow dipole dephasing exhibit a superfluorescent pulse shortly after incoherent pumping begins. The operator Maxwell-Bloch equations are simulated by classical Langevin equations. The counterpropagating fields are solved for in the (one-dimensional) limit of the Fresnel number near unity, with open-end boundary conditions. An initial, ``quiet'' buildup of the inversion is followed by superfluorescence. Oscillation of the populations, coherences, and fields is observed. The superfluorescence delay time is compared with analytical predictions made in the linear regime. A transition to amplified spontaneous emission is found as the pump rate is decreased.

Measurements are reported of the quantum fluctuations in superfluorescence delay times. The fluctuations depend strongly on the Fresnel number

F

of the sample. For $F\ensuremath{\approx}1$ fair agreement with recent theories is obtained, while for larger

F

the fluctuations are smaller. A qualitative explanation for this

F

dependence is proposed. No correlation has been found between the delay times of pulses emitted from opposite ends of the same sample.

On working beyond the slowly varying envelope approximation, the instability of superfluorescent decay is investigated for the case in which the sample size is greater than or comparable to the resonant wavelength. The instability is associated with coupling between counterpropagating waves and can inhibit emission in the direction of the pump pulse. In particular, it is shown that tiny changes of the sample length can cause the forward emission to be switched off, suggesting that the optical analog of a directing antenna may be experimentally accessible.