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IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium digest

A 77 K computer controlled MM wave spectral Josephson detector using microstrip technique, preliminary results

M. Daginnus, Johann Heyen Hinken

Published Jan 13, 2003• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Superconducting granular bridges of Y-Ba-Cu-O show the AC Josephson effect. A spectral detector has been devised with a granular bridge as the sensor, which is coupled to a microstrip line. The device has been operated in the millimeter-wave range (Ka-band) in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of 77 K. The DC V(I) characteristics of a granular bridge for a millimeter-wave signal of f/sub 1/=35.5 GHz at various power levels are presented.>

DOI
10.1109/mwsym.1989.38805

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IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity•Apr 3, 2026•0 citations
Superconducting granular bridges of Y-Ba-Cu-O show the AC Josephson effect. A spectral detector has been devised with a granular bridge as the sensor, which is coupled to a microstrip line. The device has been operated in the millimeter-wave range (Ka-band) in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of 77 K. The DC V(I) characteristics of a granular bridge for a millimeter-wave signal of f/sub 1/=35.5 GHz at various power levels are presented.>
Microwave properties of an Y-Ba-Cu-O microstrip detector have been studied at 24 GHz frequency band at the liquid-nitrogen temperature. The amplitude of the video detection signal was found to be proportional to the incident microwave power. Direct mixing action was also demonstrated, setting the upper limit for the film response time as short as 40 ps. Occurrence of microwave mixing in the absence of dc current bias was observed, suggesting the presence of the inverse Josephson effect. Physical properties of the detector response were very similar to the enhanced mode of detection, characteristic for granular superconducting films.
Detecting properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O granular thin film structures obtained by two differnt technological methods and using three different substrate materials have been studied at millimetre waves. The response to 25 and 100 GHz radiation is presented as the function of dc bias current for several temperatures around 77 K. For power levels below saturation the amplitudes of the recovered video signals were found to be proportional to the incident power. Sensitiviy obtained at 110 GHz is comparable to that of crystal point-contact detector. Preliminary results on mixing of two Ku-band sources for IF frequencies up to 5 GHz are presented, indicating that the response time of Y-Ba-Cu-O films is shorter than 40 ps. Due to pronounced quantum effects, which manifest themselves especially in narrow superconducting strips below 60 K, at present state of the technology the usefulness of investigated detectors is limited to liquid nitrogen temperatures.
The detecting and mixing properties of microstrip superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O and Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O thin-film structures deposited on various substrates have been investigated. The device performance was tested in the 22-, 55-, and 110-GHz frequency bands at temperatures ranging from 100 K to about 50 K. The sensitivity obtained at 110 GHz was comparable to that of crystalline detectors. Mixing experiments were performed in the 25-GHz frequency band and indicated that the detector response time is less than 40 ps. The intermediate frequency was varied from 50 MHz to 5 GHz without any decrease in the mixer output up to 3 GHz. Auxiliary emission measurements performed at 12 GHz and down to 4.2 K revealed that the detector low-temperature performance limit is associated with microwave radiation from clusters of intergrain weak links arranged in multiloop quantum interferometers.>
The AC Josephson effect in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ grain-boundary junctions (GBJs) was studied in the temperature range from 4 K to 90 K. The temperature dependence of the linewidth of millimeter-wave Josephson oscillations was measured, and it is shown that the derived effective noise temperature of GBJ might be as low as the physical temperature in the temperature range investigated. This makes it possible to use the resistively shunted junction (RSJ) model with thermal fluctuations to get a limiting performance of high-T/sub c/ devices utilizing the AC Josephson effect. The lowest value of the linewidth of 72 GHz Josephson oscillations observed at 77 K was equal to 380 MHz, which demonstrates the applicability of GBJ, particularly in the field of radiation spectroscopy, even at liquid nitrogen temperatures.>
We have demonstrated the first applications of Josephson-effect-based Hilbert-transform spectral analysis using high-T/sub c/ Josephson junctions. YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ grain-boundary Josephson junctions have been fabricated on [110] NdGaO/sub 3/ bicrystal substrates for these measurements. At first, spectra of Josephson radiation have been measured by the Hilbert-transform technique in the range 60-800 GHz. A Lorentzian shape of the Josephson radiation and the possibility to obtain a spectral resolution as low as 0.1 cm/sup -1/ in the submillimeter-wave range has been demonstrated at liquid nitrogen temperature. Moreover, spectra of high-harmonic content of the radiation coming from commercial millimeter-wave oscillators have been measured in the spectral range from 60 to 450 GHz. A comparison of Hilbert-transform spectral analysis with conventional techniques is given.
The Josephson junction radiator (JJR) is a thin-film superconducting device that converts DC voltage into coherent millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radiation. The source is frequency-tunable, instantaneously narrow-band, compact, lightweight, has no moving parts, and may share the same cryogenic and vacuum space as the device under test. With these favorable characteristics, the JJR may find use as a general purpose calibration tool for low temperature mm-wave detectors. We show that the JJR unambiguously emits mm-wave radiation and couples to a mm-wave detector. We use the JJR to determine the spectral response of a superconducting mm-wave detector that operates in two large frequency passbands centered at 150 GHz and 220 GHz. A comparison to measurements with a conventional Fourier Transform Spectrometer is presented, and the use of the JJR as a precision spectral calibration tool is discussed.