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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Paired Fraction of Ultracold Atoms in the BEC-BCS Crossover

Yean-an Liao, Wenhui Li, Tobias Paprotta, Ann Sophie C. Rittner, Randall G. Hulet

Published Mar 19, 2010• 0 citations
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We investigate the crossover from the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state of weakly bound Cooper pairs to the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of strongly bound molecular dimers in a gas of ultracold atoms loaded on a two-dimensional optical lattice. By using the mean-field BCS equations of the emerging Hubbard model and the concept of off-diagonal long-range order for fermions we calculate analytically and numerically the pair binding energy, the energy gap, and the condensate fraction of Cooper pairs as a function of interaction strength and filling factor of atoms in the lattice at zero temperature.
We study finite-temperature properties of a two-dimensional superfluid made of ultracold alkali-metal atoms in the BCS-BEC crossover. We investigate the region below the critical temperature TBKT{T}_{\mathrm{BKT}}TBKT​ of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition where there is quasicondensation by analyzing the effects of phase and amplitude fluctuations of the order parameter. In particular, we calculate the superfluid fraction, the sound velocity, and the quasicondensate fraction as a function of the temperature and of the binding energy of fermionic pairs.