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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Integrated atom optics using light

Dominik Schneble, Masahiro Hasuo, T. Anker, Tilman Pfau, J. Mlynek

Published Nov 13, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. The realization of miniaturized and integrated atom-optical elements at surfaces is of interest for many applications ranging from precision measurements to quantum information processing. So far, experimental work has been restricted to magnetic potentials above microfabricated current-carrying wires. Our present work now explores the case of optical potentials and some of its possibilities, including novel integrated atom optical elements such as a continuous atom source, a local atom detector and a quasi-1D surface lattice. In order to realize a continuous atom source for our experiments argon atoms from a slow atomic beam are collected and cooled in a magneto-optical surface trap.

DOI
10.1109/qels.2001.961926

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Summary form only given. The realization of miniaturized and integrated atom-optical elements at surfaces is of interest for many applications ranging from precision measurements to quantum information processing. So far, experimental work has been restricted to magnetic potentials above microfabricated current-carrying wires. Our present work now explores the case of optical potentials and some of its possibilities, including novel integrated atom optical elements such as a continuous atom source, a local atom detector and a quasi-1D surface lattice. In order to realize a continuous atom source for our experiments argon atoms from a slow atomic beam are collected and cooled in a magneto-optical surface trap.
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With the fast development and perfecting of laser cooling, trapping and manipulating of neutral atoms as well as microelectric fabrication techniques with micrometer and nanometer scale, a new branch subject of atom optics, atom optics and its atom has been formed. In this lecture, we mainly introduce integrated schemes and experimental results as well as recent progress of integrated atom optics and its atom chips, including the design schemes, microfabrication techniques and recent experimental results of atom optical elements and devices with surface microstructures, magnetic microstructure integrated atom optics, all optical microstructure integrated atom optics,and magneto-optical microstructure integrated atom optics and their atom chips. Finally, design principles of integrated atom chip and its open problems are discussed, and some potential application of integrated atom optics and its future development are briefly looked ahead.
We present an integrated wire-based magneto-optical trap for the simplified trapping and cooling of large numbers of neutral atoms near material surfaces. With a modified U\mathrm{U}U-shaped current-carrying Cu\text{Cu}Cu structure we collect more than $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{8}$ 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms in a mirror magneto-optical trap without using quadrupole coils. These atoms are subsequently loaded to a Z\mathrm{Z}Z-wire trap where they are evaporatively cooled to a Bose-Einstein condensate close to the surface.
We report progress in our project on Integrated Atom Optics. We are exploring methods of producing surface-based microscopic atom optical elements that are made from permanent magnetic films and current-carrying microwires. We will discuss different configurations of microtraps, waveguides and couplers that can manipulate atomic de Broglie waves on the surface of a substrate. In particular we will describe the characteristics of a mirror magneto-optical trap that has allowed trapping of rubidium atoms in vicinity of a surface.
Two-dimensional systems are of great interest in physics as the celebrated quantum-Hall effects show, which are based on a 2D electron gas. Neutral systems involve thin He films and spin polarized atomic hydrogen in a cryogenic environment, where the successful creation of a 2D quasi-condensate was recently reported. Over the last years, with laser cooling and trapping techniques at hand, several schemes for the preparation of laser cooled atomic 2D gases have been proposed. Low dimensional gases are discussed as keys to achieve high density samples of purely optically cooled atoms, since the reabsorption of scattered photons is greatly suppressed compared to the situation in 3D. On the other hand, by structuring 2D waveguide light fields laterally, very versatile "integrated atom optical" elements can be realized. We have prepared a quasi-2D gas of argon atoms confined in a planar matter waveguide less than 1 /spl mu/m away from a reflecting surface. We trap metastable Ar/sup +/ atoms in the ls/sub 5/(J=2) state in a magneto-optical trap. Upon release, they fall towards a gold coated prism surface where an evanescent light field is generated by resonant excitation of surface plasmons in the gold layer. This light field is blue detuned from the 1s/sub 5//spl hArr/2p/sub 9/(J=3) transition and hence creates a repulsive potential which slows down the falling atoms.