Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Non-Markovian dynamics in a dense potassium vapor

Virginia O. Lorenz, Steven T. Cundiff

Published Dec 10, 2005• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using transient four-wave mixing, we have observed the relaxation dynamics of a dense potassium vapor whose dephasing time is large compared to the collision duration, revealing a clear transition from non-Markovian to Markovian dynamics.
DOI
10.1109/qels.2005.1549319

Related papers

Non-Markovian Dynamics in a Dense Potassium Vapor

Virginia O. Lorenz, Steven T. Cundiff

Transient four-wave mixing experiments on a dense potassium vapor, which has a dephasing time long compared to the collision duration, reveal distinct signatures of non-Markovian dynamics. Theoretical fits assuming stochastic fluctuation of the excited-state frequencies confirm that the two-time correlation function has a finite temporal width.

Physical Review Letters•Oct 13, 2005•68 citations

Excitation dependence of non-Markovian dynamics in a dense potassium vapor

Xingcan Dai, Steven T. Cundiff

The transient four-wave mixing signal from a dense potassium vapor, which displays non-Markovian dynamics, depends on the excitation strength. Theoretical fits reveal the excitation dependence of the parameters employ ed in a two-time correlation function.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•May 1, 2008•0 citations

Non-Markovian Dynamics inaDensePotassium Vapor

T. Cundiff

Using transient four-wave mixing, wehaveobserved therelaxation dynamics ofadense potassium vapor whosedephasing timeislarge compared tothecollision duration, revealing a clear transition from non-Markovian toMarkovian dynamics. 02005 Optical Society ofAmerica OCIScodes: (320.7150) Ultrafast spectroscopy; (300.6240) Coherent transient spectrosopy Relaxation phenomena incondensed matter often occur intime scales ontheorder ofapicosecond orless. Inthese short timeregions, thedynamics depart from Markovian behavior, meaning thedynamics arealtered duetothe phase memoryofcollisions. Nonlinear optical time-domain techniques using two- andthree-pulse excitation are powerful tools that canreveal characteristics ofthedynamics. Suchexperiments have beenperforned inmolecular systems (1). Inthose experiments, theform oftheinteractions isoften difficult tocalculate theoretically because the time scale ofthelocal structural transitions isclose tothat ofthesolvent interactions andbeing pulse-width limited canbeanissue. Wehaveobserved inatwo-pulse transient four-wave mixing experiment thenon-Markovian dynamics inasimple atomic system whose dephasing time islarge compared tothecollision duration, allowing clear separation oftime scales, making accurate theoretical description possible. Inmolecular systems, thetime scales corresponding toelectronic andvibrational dynamics areoften difficult to separate. Asimple atomic system hasinteractions well-separated into short- andlong-time regimes, making it possible tocalculate theformoftheinteractions andconfirm itexperimentally. Westudy thephase relaxation dynamics ofadense potassium vapor using thetime-domain technique oftransient four-wave mixing (TFWM). Inself-diffracted TFWM,twopulses with wavevectors k,andk2interact nonlinearly inasample, resulting ina background-free signal indirection 2k,-k1 which istime-integrated byaslowdetector. Theloss ofcoherence ofthe system isprobed byvarying thedelay between thepulses. Intheshort timelimit, thesystem canbeconsidered inhomogeneously broadened duetothetemporally static butspatially varying distances between atoms. Atan intermediate time, which isfinite butless than thecollision duration between atoms, therelaxation dynamics are dominated bytheperturbations ofthetransifion frequency oftheatoms asthey collide. Thecollision canbethought ofasthetransient formation ofapotassium dimer(KA2) Interns ofthepotential energy surfaces ofthepotassium dimer, showninFig. 1,this timescale reveals dynamics modified bypotential energy fluctuations atsmall intermolecular spacings, r.Attimes muchgreater than thecollision duration, wecanestimate theperturbations as delta functions intime andpositions cannolonger beconsidered fixed duetothemofions oftheatoms, making the system homogeneously broadened. This limit inthedimer picture corresponds totheatoms traversing therange of theintermolecular potential intimes that canbeconsidered infinitely fast. ~~~~K2' 4

•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations

Transition from Non-Markovian to Markovian Dynamics in a Dense Potassium Vapor

Virginia O. Lorenz, Steven T. Cundiff

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•May 18, 2005•0 citations

Three-Pulse Photon Echo in a Dense Potassium Vapor

Virginia O. Lorenz, Steven T. Cundiff, W. Zhuang +1 more

Time-integrated three-pulse photon echo (3PE) and time-resolved 3PE measurements in dense potassium vapor reveal clear signatures of non-Markovian dynamics. We pursue a molecular dynamics simulation to study the many-body effects contributing to the response.

International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena•Jan 1, 2006•0 citations

Signatures of non-markovian dynamics in a dense potassium vapor

Virginia O. Lorenz, Steven T. Cundiff

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations
Using transient four-wave mixing, wehaveobserved therelaxation dynamics ofadense potassium vapor whosedephasing timeislarge compared tothecollision duration, revealing a clear transition from non-Markovian toMarkovian dynamics. 02005 Optical Society ofAmerica OCIScodes: (320.7150) Ultrafast spectroscopy; (300.6240) Coherent transient spectrosopy Relaxation phenomena incondensed matter often occur intime scales ontheorder ofapicosecond orless. Inthese short timeregions, thedynamics depart from Markovian behavior, meaning thedynamics arealtered duetothe phase memoryofcollisions. Nonlinear optical time-domain techniques using two- andthree-pulse excitation are powerful tools that canreveal characteristics ofthedynamics. Suchexperiments have beenperforned inmolecular systems (1). Inthose experiments, theform oftheinteractions isoften difficult tocalculate theoretically because the time scale ofthelocal structural transitions isclose tothat ofthesolvent interactions andbeing pulse-width limited canbeanissue. Wehaveobserved inatwo-pulse transient four-wave mixing experiment thenon-Markovian dynamics inasimple atomic system whose dephasing time islarge compared tothecollision duration, allowing clear separation oftime scales, making accurate theoretical description possible. Inmolecular systems, thetime scales corresponding toelectronic andvibrational dynamics areoften difficult to separate. Asimple atomic system hasinteractions well-separated into short- andlong-time regimes, making it possible tocalculate theformoftheinteractions andconfirm itexperimentally. Westudy thephase relaxation dynamics ofadense potassium vapor using thetime-domain technique oftransient four-wave mixing (TFWM). Inself-diffracted TFWM,twopulses with wavevectors k,andk2interact nonlinearly inasample, resulting ina background-free signal indirection 2k,-k1 which istime-integrated byaslowdetector. Theloss ofcoherence ofthe system isprobed byvarying thedelay between thepulses. Intheshort timelimit, thesystem canbeconsidered inhomogeneously broadened duetothetemporally static butspatially varying distances between atoms. Atan intermediate time, which isfinite butless than thecollision duration between atoms, therelaxation dynamics are dominated bytheperturbations ofthetransifion frequency oftheatoms asthey collide. Thecollision canbethought ofasthetransient formation ofapotassium dimer(KA2) Interns ofthepotential energy surfaces ofthepotassium dimer, showninFig. 1,this timescale reveals dynamics modified bypotential energy fluctuations atsmall intermolecular spacings, r.Attimes muchgreater than thecollision duration, wecanestimate theperturbations as delta functions intime andpositions cannolonger beconsidered fixed duetothemofions oftheatoms, making the system homogeneously broadened. This limit inthedimer picture corresponds totheatoms traversing therange of theintermolecular potential intimes that canbeconsidered infinitely fast. ~~~~K2' 4