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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Strong single-qubit lasing and cooling at the symmetry point?

Carsten Hutter

Published Mar 18, 2009• 0 citations
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For a superconducting qubit driven to perform Rabi oscillations and coupled to a slow electromagnetic or nanomechanical oscillator we describe previously unexplored quantum optics effects. When the Rabi frequency is tuned to resonance with the oscillator, the latter can be driven far from equilibrium. Blue detuned driving leads to a population inversion in the qubit and a bistability with lasing behavior of the oscillator; for red detuning the qubit cools the oscillator. This behavior persists at the symmetry point where the qubit-oscillator coupling is quadratic and decoherence effects are minimized. There the system realizes a "single-atom-two-photon laser."
Superconducting qubits coupled to electric or nanomechanical resonators display effects previously studied in quantum electrodynamics (QED) as well as extensions thereof. Here, we consider a driven qubit coupled to a low-frequency oscillator and study the influence of dissipation. When the qubit is driven to perform Rabi oscillations, with Rabi frequency in resonance with the oscillator, the latter can be driven far from equilibrium. Blue detuned driving leads to a population inversion in the qubit and lasing behavior of the oscillator ('single-atom laser'). For red detuning, the qubit cools the oscillator. This behavior persists at the symmetry point where the qubit–oscillator coupling is quadratic and decoherence effects are minimized. Here, the system realizes a 'single-atom-two-photon laser'.
We study the response of a magnetic-field-driven superconducting qubit strongly coupled to a superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator. We observed a strong amplification/damping of a probing signal at different resonance points corresponding to a one and two-photon emission/absorption. The sign of the detuning between the qubit frequency and the probe determines whether amplification or damping is observed. The larger blue detuned driving leads to two-photon lasing while the larger red detuning cools the resonator. Our experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical model of qubit lasing and cooling at the Rabi frequency.