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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Studying Photoluminescence Dynamics of Single Quantum Dots Photon by Photon

Haw Yang, Kai Zhang, Aihua Fu, A. Paul Alivisatos, Carl C. Hayden

Published Mar 13, 2006• 0 citations
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Single InAs quantum dot (QD) sample is grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE), and the photoluminescence (PL) from a single QD at 5 K is measured. By means of Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) setup, we measure the photon correlation of the PL which indicates that the PL of QD is single-photon emission. This single-photon source is used to demonstrate experimentally the single-photon interference via Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer. In addition, the measured interference and fringe visibility are analyzed by changing the different linear polarization of the photon between two arms of MZ interferometer.
The Jaynes-Cummings model, describing the interaction between a single two-level system and a photonic mode, has been used to describe a large variety of systems, ranging from cavity quantum electrodynamics, trapped ions, to superconducting qubits coupled to resonators. Recently there has been renewed interest in studying the quantum strong-coupling (QSC) regime, where states with photon number greater than one are excited. This regime has been recently achieved in semiconductor nanostructures, where a quantum dot is trapped in a planar microcavity. Here we study the quantum strong-coupling regime by calculating its photoluminescence (PL) properties under a pulsed excitation. We discuss the changes in the PL as the QSC regime is reached, which transitions between a peak around the cavity resonance to a doublet. We particularly examine the variations of the PL in the time domain, under regimes of short and long pulse times relative to the microcavity decay time.
Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are attractive material for single-photon sources (SPSs) that can be utilized at room temperature. In this work, we performed simultaneous measurements of photoluminescence (PL) decay curve and second-order photon correlation, g(2), on single CQDs to study the purity of their single photons, which is determined by the value of g(2)at the time origin. We demonstrate that the single-photon purity can be improved through time-gated g(2) analysis, where a part of the PL signal is excluded by applying a temporal filter to the PL decay curve. We show that by using a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, it is possible to observe highly-purified single photons that exhibited g(2) at the time origin ranging from 0.01 to 0.02.