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Studies on the interaction of two level atoms with quantized electromagnetic field

K. V. PRIYESH, R. B. Thayyullathil

Published May 1, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The present study described about the interaction of a two level atom and squeezed field with time varying frequency. By applying a sinusoidal variation\nin the frequency of the field, the randomness in population inversion is reduced and the collapses and periodic revivals are regained. Quantum optics is an emerging field in physics which mainly deals with the interaction of atoms with quantised electromagnetic fields. Jaynes-Cummings Model (JCM) is a key model among them, which describes the interaction between a two level atom and a single mode radiation field. Here the study begins with a brief history of light, atom and their interactions. Also discussed the interaction between atoms and electromagnetic fields. The study suggest a method to manipulate the population inversion due to interaction and control the randomness in it, by applying a time dependence on the frequency of the interacting squeezed field.The change in behaviour of the population inversion due to the presence of a phase factor in the applied frequency variation is explained here.This study also describes the interaction between two level atom and electromagnetic field in nonlinear Kerr medium. It deals with atomic and field state evolution in a coupled cavity system. \nOur results suggest a new method to control and manipulate the population of states in two level atom radiation interaction,which is very essential for quantum information processing.We have also studied the variation of atomic population inversion with time, when a two level atom interacts with light field, where\nthe light field has a sinusoidal frequency variation with a constant phase. In both coherent field and squeezed field cases, the population inversion variation is completely different from the phase zero frequency modulation case. It is observed that in the presence of a non zero phase φ, the population inversion oscillates sinusoidally.Also the collapses and revivals gradually disappears when φ increases\nfrom 0 to π/2. When φ = π/2 the evolution of population inversion is identical to the case when a two level atom interacts with a Fock state. Thus, by applying a phase shifted frequency modulation one can induce sinusoidal oscillations of atomic inversion in linear medium, those normally observed in Kerr medium. \nWe noticed that the entanglement between the atom and field can be controlled by\nvarying the period of the field frequency fluctuations. The system has been solved numerically and the behaviour of it for different initial conditions and different susceptibility values are analysed. It is observed that, for weak cavity coupling the effect of susceptibility is minimal. In cases of strong cavity coupling, susceptibility factor modifies the nature in which the probability oscillates with time. Effect\nof susceptibility on probability of states is closely related to the initial state of the system.

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We have studied the effect of phase shifted frequency modulation on two level atom with field interaction using Jaynes—Cummings model. Here the frequency of the interacting field is sinusoidally varying with time with a constant phase. Due to the presence of phase in the frequency modulation, the variation of population inversion with time is different from the standard case. There are no exact collapses and revivals in the variation of population inversion but it oscillates sinusoidally with time. In coherent field atom interaction the population inversion behaves as in the case of Fock state atom interaction, when frequency modulation with a non zero phase is applied. The study done with squeezed field has shown the same behavior of the population inversion.

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arXiv:0907.2992•Jul 17, 2009•2 citations
The present study described about the interaction of a two level atom and squeezed field with time varying frequency. By applying a sinusoidal variation\nin the frequency of the field, the randomness in population inversion is reduced and the collapses and periodic revivals are regained. Quantum optics is an emerging field in physics which mainly deals with the interaction of atoms with quantised electromagnetic fields. Jaynes-Cummings Model (JCM) is a key model among them, which describes the interaction between a two level atom and a single mode radiation field. Here the study begins with a brief history of light, atom and their interactions. Also discussed the interaction between atoms and electromagnetic fields. The study suggest a method to manipulate the population inversion due to interaction and control the randomness in it, by applying a time dependence on the frequency of the interacting squeezed field.The change in behaviour of the population inversion due to the presence of a phase factor in the applied frequency variation is explained here.This study also describes the interaction between two level atom and electromagnetic field in nonlinear Kerr medium. It deals with atomic and field state evolution in a coupled cavity system. \nOur results suggest a new method to control and manipulate the population of states in two level atom radiation interaction,which is very essential for quantum information processing.We have also studied the variation of atomic population inversion with time, when a two level atom interacts with light field, where\nthe light field has a sinusoidal frequency variation with a constant phase. In both coherent field and squeezed field cases, the population inversion variation is completely different from the phase zero frequency modulation case. It is observed that in the presence of a non zero phase φ, the population inversion oscillates sinusoidally.Also the collapses and revivals gradually disappears when φ increases\nfrom 0 to π/2. When φ = π/2 the evolution of population inversion is identical to the case when a two level atom interacts with a Fock state. Thus, by applying a phase shifted frequency modulation one can induce sinusoidal oscillations of atomic inversion in linear medium, those normally observed in Kerr medium. \nWe noticed that the entanglement between the atom and field can be controlled by\nvarying the period of the field frequency fluctuations. The system has been solved numerically and the behaviour of it for different initial conditions and different susceptibility values are analysed. It is observed that, for weak cavity coupling the effect of susceptibility is minimal. In cases of strong cavity coupling, susceptibility factor modifies the nature in which the probability oscillates with time. Effect\nof susceptibility on probability of states is closely related to the initial state of the system.
We have studied the effect of phase shifted frequency modulation on two level atom with field interaction using Jaynes—Cummings model. Here the frequency of the interacting field is sinusoidally varying with time with a constant phase. Due to the presence of phase in the frequency modulation, the variation of population inversion with time is different from the standard case. There are no exact collapses and revivals in the variation of population inversion but it oscillates sinusoidally with time. In coherent field atom interaction the population inversion behaves as in the case of Fock state atom interaction, when frequency modulation with a non zero phase is applied. The study done with squeezed field has shown the same behavior of the population inversion.
The interactions between a two-level atom and a coherent field with a time-varying frequency in a Kerr-like medium have been investigated. It is found that the average of the atomic population inversion is deformed as the frequency changing with time in sine form. It is interesting that when the amplitude of field modulation and third-order nonlinear susceptibility are adjusted to certain values, the collapse–revival phenomena of population inversion in the standard Jaynes–Cumming model disappear and are replaced by a nearly Rabi-oscillation-like evolution. In other words, population inversion in the initial coherent field behaves like that in the initial Fock state. This provides a new way to manipulate the interaction between the atom and the field, and has potential applications in quantum information and quantum communication.
We have investigated the interaction of two level atom with time varying quadrature squeezed light field. Jaynes-Cummings model is used for solving the atom radiation interaction. Time evolution of the system for different squeezing parameter and phase have been studied. There are no well-defined revivals in population inversion when the squeezed phase is π and the squeezing parameter is greater than 0.5. Using a time varying frequency for the light field, it is found that the randomness of the population inversion and the collapse revival phenomena can be controlled. Frequency modulation of the field can thus be used as a tool for manipulating the squeezed light atom interaction.
The two-photon transition for a two-level atom interacting with a single-mold electromagnetic field has been investigated. The initial coherent states with time-varying frequency are considered. The effects of the frequency modulation in sinusoidal form on the atomic population inversion and the squeezing properties of the atom and field are studied. The frequency change can lead the collapse-revival period of population inversion to increase, the maximum value of the revival to decrease, and the squeezing effects of the field and atom are weakened.
The interactions between a two-level atom and a field via two-photon transition without rotating wave approximation have been investigated. We emphasize the dynamic behaviors of the atomic population inversion, the field squeezing, and the atomic dipole squeezing numerically when the field frequency varies with time in the forms of sine and rectangle. Some interesting phenomena are discovered and discussed. The good periodic character of the atomic population inversion in the standard two-photon Jaynes–Cummings model is weakened by the influence of the sine field frequency modulation. The rectangular field frequency modulation can change the correlation among different oscillations suddenly and induce new collapse-revival processes of the atomic population inversion. The field squeezing increases at the beginning of time, but then decreases and loses as the time increases after it reaches the maximum due to the sine modulation. The effects of the rectangular modulation on the field squeezing depend mostly on the appearance time of the modulation. The atomic dipole squeezing is weakened under the influence of the sine or rectangular modulation. Our results indicate that it is possible to perform the dynamic controlling of the system properties by changing the parameters of the system with time. This implies that one can dynamically control a quantum information process by choosing the system modulation properly.
Dynamics of entanglement due to intensity-dependent interaction between a two-level atom and a single-mode electromagnetic field in a Kerr medium is studied. The form of the interaction is such that the Hamiltonian evolution is exactly solvable. The Hamiltonian is shown to be a deformed Jaynes-Cummings model admitting a closed, symmetric algebra. Dynamics of population inversion and atom-field entanglement are studied taking the initial state of the field to be either a coherent state or a squeezed vacuum. Analysis is extended to the case of a two-mode cavity field interacting with a two-level atom. For the two-mode case, the initial field is a pair coherent state or a two-mode squeezed vacuum. Effects due to nonlinearity, intensity-dependent interaction and detuning on the dynamics are discussed and compared with those of the single-mode case.