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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Ultrafast interferometric investigation of resonant secondary emission from quantum well excitons

D. Birkedal, Jagdeep Shah, Loren N. Pfeiffer

Published Jan 20, 2003• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. We present the first direct investigation of the coherence properties of resonant secondary emission (RSE) from quantum well excitons. Using ultrafast spectral interferometry, or TADPOLE, we measure spectral fringes that are resonantly enhanced at the exciton transitions. The fringe formation is due to the coherent Rayleigh component of the RSE, and allows us to investigate the dynamics of resonant Rayleigh scattering independent from incoherent luminescence. Our observation of high-contrast spectral fringes is in contradiction with current theories of time resolved resonant Rayleigh scattering from excitons and shows for the first time the non-ergodic nature of the RSE.

DOI
10.1109/qels.1999.807456

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Summary form only given. We present the first direct investigation of the coherence properties of resonant secondary emission (RSE) from quantum well excitons. Using ultrafast spectral interferometry, or TADPOLE, we measure spectral fringes that are resonantly enhanced at the exciton transitions. The fringe formation is due to the coherent Rayleigh component of the RSE, and allows us to investigate the dynamics of resonant Rayleigh scattering independent from incoherent luminescence. Our observation of high-contrast spectral fringes is in contradiction with current theories of time resolved resonant Rayleigh scattering from excitons and shows for the first time the non-ergodic nature of the RSE.
We report the first investigation of resonant secondary emission from quantum well excitons using ultrafast spectral interferometry. Observation of high-contrast spectral fringes demonstrates a significant phase correlation of the spectral components of the Rayleigh scattered light and allows us to determine the temporal dynamics of the coherent emission. The results contradict the present theories for resonant Rayleigh scattering based on ensemble averaging, and show the nonergodic nature of resonance Rayleigh scattering from semiconductor quantum wells.
We report on the observation of coherent secondary emission from resonantly excited bound and unbound two-exciton states in quantum wells. The emission is intrinsic, in contrast to the well-known Rayleigh scattering from excitons that requires disorder. We measure the spectral amplitude and the phase (and, hence, the femtosecond dynamics) of this coherent emission using ultrafast spectral interferometry, and obtain direct information on the contributions to the nonlinear susceptibility from exciton-exciton correlations beyond the mean-field approximation.
Summary form only given. The femtosecond dynamics and the coherence properties of resonant secondary emission (RSE) from quantum wells is a subject of considerable current interest. We use a novel approach in which the sample is resonantly excited by a pair of phase-locked pulses, and the spontaneously emitted radiation is detected by femtosecond upconversion. This novel experimental technique allows us, for the first time, to investigate the temporal evolution and the coherence properties of RSE simultaneously.
Coherent Rayleigh scattering and incoherent luminescence are studied by femtosecond upconversion under resonant excitation as a function of exciton density in GaAs quantum wells. Comparing samples with different well widths allows to establish the relation between inhomogeneous broadening and the shape of resonant Rayleigh scattering. We find an excellent agreement between experiment and a classical model. In samples with moderate inhomogeneous broadening we provide evidence for the transition from coherent to incoherent emission. The comparison with excitonic dephasing times T2 obtained from four-wave-mixing experiments demonstrates that the incoherent exciton population rises within T2/2, at any exciton density when changed by more than an orders of magnitude. The experimental results confirm very clearly the concept predicting that the coherent polarization made up by localized excitons decays into an incoherent exciton population under conservation of the number of excited quanta.
The coherent and incoherent components of the resonant secondary emission from GaAs quantum well structures after ultrashort excitation have been studied as a function of the excitation density, lattice temperature, and inhomogeneous broadening by means of interferometric correlation techniques. We find that the coherent emission is thermally quenched and saturates with the excitation power. A good agreement is found within a simple classical model based on the inhomogeneous broadening of the excitonic band, including the experimental exciton-exciton and exciton-phonon induced dephasing.