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17th Congress of the International Commission for Optics: Optics for Science and New Technology

A simple atom trap using frequency modulated diode laser

W. Jhe

Published Sep 1, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have built a compact extended cavity diode laser system having microwave sidebands. Using the laser system, we could separate two stable isotopes of rubidium simultaneously trapped in a magneto-optical trap. We also have realized a very simple atom trap in a pyramid-shaped hollw mirror system and a conical hollow mirror using a single beam.

DOI
10.1117/12.2316087

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We have built a compact extended cavity diode laser system having microwave sidebands. Using the laser system, we could separate two stable isotopes of rubidium simultaneously trapped in a magneto-optical trap. We also have realized a very simple atom trap in a pyramid-shaped hollw mirror system and a conical hollow mirror using a single beam.
We demonstrate simultaneous trapping and spatial separation of the two stable rubidium isotopes in a magneto-optical trap. To realize this novel type of isotope separation, we have built a compact diode laser which is frequency-stabilized by optical feedback from a diffraction grating, and frequency-modulated by a direct microwave modulation of the bias current from a yittrium iron garnet tuned oscillator. Use of the single diode laser with microwave sidebands provides much ease and flexibility in the applications of a magneto-optical trap.
We present a novel and simple magneto-optical trap in pyramidal and in conical hollow mirrors, using a single beam. A diode laser having modulation sidebands at microwaves is used for cooling, trapping, and repumping of rubidium atoms in a vapor cell. When the laser is circularly polarized and sent into the hollow region, three pairs of counterpropagating beams are automatically produced therein that have the same polarization configuration as that of a conventional six-beam magneto-optical trap. The fluorescence by the trapped atoms and its mirror image are observed simultaneously. This system may be useful for atom-manipulation applications such as gravitational atom traps and atom waveguides.
We present a novel and simple vapour-cell magneto-optical atom trap in a pyramidal and a conical hollow mirror cavity. A single laser beam having modulation sidebands at microwaves is used for cooling, trapping and repumping of rubidium atoms. When the laser is circularly polarized and sent into the hollow region, three pairs of counterpropagating beams are automatically produced therein, having the same polarization configuration as in the conventional six beam magneto-optical trap. The precooled atom sources thus produced may be used to obtain much colder and denser atoms for study of their quantum statistical properties.
We present a dual isotope magneto-optical trap produced using a single diode laser. We generate all the optical frequencies needed for trapping both species using a fiber intensity modulator. All the optical frequencies are amplified simultaneously using a tapered amplifier. The independent control of each frequency is on the RF side rather than on the optical side. This introduces an enormous simplification for laser-cooling applications that often require an acousto-optic modulator for each laser beam. Frequency-changing capabilities are limited by the modulator bandwidth (10 GHz). Traps for more isotopes can be simply added by including additional RF frequencies on the modulator.
We demonstrate direct microwave modulation of diode lasers operated with optical feedback from a diffraction grating. We obtain substantial fractions of the laser power (2–30%) in a single sideband at frequencies as high 6.8 GHz with 20 mW of microwave power and simple inefficient microwave coupling. Using a single diode as modulated at 6.6 GHz, we trapped 87Rb atoms in a vapor cell. With only 10 mW of microwave power we laser trapped 85% as many atoms as were obtained by using two lasers in the conventional manner.
We have realized a novel atom trap in an axicon (conical hollow) mirror, using a frequency-modulated, single-diode laser. Different spatial distributions of trapped atoms such as a ball and a ring are observed. We show that our numerical simulations are consistent with experimental results. In particular, the ring diameter is found to be approximately the separation between the mirror axis and the magnetic field axis. The axicon trap may be useful as a precooled atom source for cold atomic beams, atom funnels, and atom waveguides.