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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Experimental study of Lithium-6 close to Feshbach resonances

Frédéric Chevy, J. McKeever, Junliang Zhang, E. G. M. van Kempen, Thomas Bourdel, Lev Khaykovich, J. Cubizolles, Martin Teichmann, Leticia Tarruell, S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans, Ch Salomon

Published May 19, 2005• 0 citations
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Abstract Efimov physics in the vicinity of two overlapping narrow Feshbach resonances can be explored within a framework of a three-channel model where a non-interacting open channel is coupled to two closed molecular channels. Here, we determine how it compares to the extended two-channel model, which includes an open channel with finite background scattering and a single molecular channel. We identify the parameter range in which the three-channel model surpasses the extended two-channel model. Furthermore, the three-channel model is extended to include background scattering, and then both models are applied to the experimentally relevant system of bosonic lithium atoms polarized on two different energy levels, with an isolated and two overlapping narrow Feshbach resonances, respectively. We confirm, in agreement with previous studies, that being small, the background scattering length in lithium has a negligible effect on the Efimov features in the case of isolated resonance. However, in the case of overlapping Feshbach resonances, the inclusion of background scattering improves the performance of the theory with respect to the experimentally measured position of the Efimov resonance.
Experiments on ultra-cold fermionic /sup 6/Li confined in a crossed dipole trap. /sup 6/Li possesses Feshbach resonances both in the s-wave and p-wave channels. This features enables the exploration of both s-wave and p-wave pairing mechanisms. We first discuss our observation of Bose-Einstein condensation of /sup 6/Li/sub 2/ molecules in the low-magnetic field wing the s-wave Feshbach located at /spl sim/ 834 G. The molecular BEC offers a good starting point for the exploration of the BEC-BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer) crossover. We have also located p-wave Feshbach resonances in the two lowest hyperfine states of /sup 6/Li. The experimental positions of these resonances are in good agreement with those predicted by coupled channel calculations. We have studied the atom losses close to these resonances and have developed a semi-analytical model capturing our experimental findings.
We perform an analysis of recent experimental measurements and improve the lithium interaction potentials. For 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li a consistent description can be given. We discuss theoretical uncertainties for the position of the wide 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li Feshbach resonance, and we present an analytic scattering model for this resonance, based on the inclusion of a field-dependent virtual open-channel state. We predict new Feshbach resonances for the $^{6}\mathrm{Li}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{7}\mathrm{Li}$ system, and their importance for different types of crossover superfluidity models is discussed.