Cluster Property and Pure Phases

Franco Strocchi

Franco Strocchi

The irreducible (physically relevant) representations selected in the previous section have a further important property, calledCluster property cluster property.

Boris Michailovich Smirnov

Hans J. Briegel

Manfred Requardt

Investigates the influence of spontaneous symmetry breaking on the dynamical cluster properties of correlation functions of a quantum statistical ensemble, that is clustering with respect to time and space-time. While the impact of phase transitions on pure space-like clustering, i.e. the static results, is well known, less seems to be known about the dynamical behaviour of response functions and susceptibilities. Precise statements are made which show that, contrary to the static case, the decay properties depend sensitively on the type of Goldstone excitation.

Zheng Zhen-yu, Han-Chuan Kou, Peng Li

In this paper, we work on the pure and mixed cluster models with periodic boundary condition. The first purpose is to establish the concept of quantum cluster kink. We clarify that there are two types of cluster kinks since there are two types of ground states depending on the choice of cluster length, of which the first type exhibits symmetry breaking order and the second one string order. Simple pictures are constructed according to the pure cluster model, which facilitates us to introduce the quantity, cluster kink number. As we demonstrate, cluster kinks deriving from different sources can coexist, compete with each other, and lead to quantum phase transition in a mixed cluster model. The second purpose is to elucidate that the effect of ring frustration can be realized in the cluster model with symmetry breaking order, instead of the one with string order. The reason lies in that ring frustration can induce a huge ground-state degeneracy or a special extended-kink phase with gapless excitations in the former case. And, although ring frustration does not change the phase transition point, it can produce unusual ground state in the extended-kink phase, whose special properties are uncovered by the nonlocal scaling factor in the correlation function and the doubled degeneracies of the eigenvalues of the entanglement spectrum.