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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Spin squeezing in optical lattice clocks through lattice based quantum non-demolition measurements

Dominic Meiser, Murray Holland

Published May 31, 2008• 0 citations
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Abstract Optical lattice clocks are the world's most accurate and stable timepieces. Thus far, the differential clock comparison has reached a stability limited by the quantum projection noise of uncorrelated atoms. Overcoming this limit relies on using spin squeezing, where quantum fluctuations of the collective spin undergo a strong suppression in one direction while being enhanced in the conjugation direction. The recent differential comparison of spin‐squeezed clocks mainly employs multiple atomic clouds or sub‐ensembles within one cloud, complicating the clock operation. Here, it is numerically investigated the differential comparison of conditionally and unconditionally spin‐squeezed states of one lattice‐trapped cloud of neutral atoms. The simulation results in a comparison stability of at the averaging time for atoms. The metrological gain reaches dB, primarily limited by the decoherence induced by quantum jumps of intracavity probe photons during quantum non‐demolition measurements. Besides the quantum precision enhancement, our scheme paves the way to using one spin squeezing protocol to appraise the other.

Advanced Quantum Technologies•Feb 13, 2025•0 citations
Quantum projection noise will soon limit the best achievable precision of optical atomic clocks based on lattice-confined neutral atoms. Squeezing the collective atomic pseudo-spin via measurement of the clock state populations during Ramsey interrogation suppresses the projection noise. We show here that the lattice laser field can be used to perform ideal quantum non-demolition measurements without clock shifts or decoherence and explore the feasibility of such an approach in theory with the lattice field confined in a ring-resonator. Detection of the motional sideband due to the atomic vibration in the lattice wells can yield signal sizes a hundredfold above the projection noise limit.
Abstract Optical lattice clocks are the world's most accurate and stable timepieces. Thus far, the differential clock comparison has reached a stability limited by the quantum projection noise of uncorrelated atoms. Overcoming this limit relies on using spin squeezing, where quantum fluctuations of the collective spin undergo a strong suppression in one direction while being enhanced in the conjugation direction. The recent differential comparison of spin‐squeezed clocks mainly employs multiple atomic clouds or sub‐ensembles within one cloud, complicating the clock operation. Here, it is numerically investigated the differential comparison of conditionally and unconditionally spin‐squeezed states of one lattice‐trapped cloud of neutral atoms. The simulation results in a comparison stability of at the averaging time for atoms. The metrological gain reaches dB, primarily limited by the decoherence induced by quantum jumps of intracavity probe photons during quantum non‐demolition measurements. Besides the quantum precision enhancement, our scheme paves the way to using one spin squeezing protocol to appraise the other.