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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Mott-insulator phases of coupled two-component Bose gases

Luis Santos

Published Mar 7, 2007• 0 citations
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We study the evolution of magnetic structures driven by a synthetic spin-orbit coupling in a one-dimensional two-component Bose-Hubbard model. In addition to the Mott insulator-superfluid transition, in the Mott insulator phases we found a transition from a gapped ferromagnetic phase to a gapless chiral phase by increasing the strength of the spin-orbit coupling. Further increasing the spin-orbit coupling drives a transition from the gapless chiral phase to a gapped antiferromagnetic phase. These magnetic structures persist in superfluid phases. In particular, in the chiral Mott insulator and chiral superfluid phases, incommensurability is observed in characteristic correlation functions. These unconventional Mott insulator phase and superfluid phase demonstrate the different effects arising from the competition between the kinetic energy and the spin-orbit coupling.
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Effects of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on metal-Mott insulator transition (MMIT) and spin exchange physics (SEP) of two-component Fermi gases in two-dimension half-filling square optical lattices are investigated. In the frame of Kotliar and Ruckenstein slave boson and the second order perturbation theory, the phase boundary of paramagnetic MMIT and spin exchange Hamiltonian are calculated. In addition by adopting two mean-field ansatzs including antiferromagnetic, ferromagnetic and spiral phases, we find that SOC can drive a quantum phase transition from antiferromagnet to spiral phase.