Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Applied Physics Letters

Er 3+ in strong light-confining microcavity

Michal F. Lipson, Lionel C. Kimerling

Published Aug 21, 2000• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Er 3+ ions produce a sharp line emission that has small absorption cross section, long radiative lifetime, and is independent of external perturbations. These optical properties of the Er3+ ions limit the pumping efficiency and tunability of the emission line. In this work we present a study in which Er3+ emission was modified by coupling an ensemble of Er3+ ions to a microcavity resonance. The optical response of an optical cavity that consists of an Er2O3 layer confined between Si/SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors is studied. When the cavity is in resonance with the optical transition of the Er3+ ions, the resonances in the reflectivity spectra split. The results are explained by a standard semiclassical model of atom–photon coupling.

DOI
10.1063/1.1289800

Related papers

Controlled atomic spontaneous emission from Er3+ in a transparent Si/ SiO2 microcavity

Arjen M. Vredenberg, N. E. J. Hunt, E. Fred Schubert +3 more

The spontaneous emission lifetime and intensity of Er implanted into ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ is modified by a Si/${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ planar microcavity. The cavity strongly affects the coupling of the optically excited ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ to the radiative and waveguiding modes of the system, resulting in a spontaneous lifetime of 14.8 ms for a cavity off-resonance with the ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ versus a lifetime of 9.1 ms for an on-resonance cavity. The observed spontaneous emission lifetime changes agree well with calculated values based on a computation method which is also presented.

Physical Review Letters•Jul 26, 1993•186 citations

Controlled Atomic-like Spontaneous Emission from Implanted Erbium in a Si/SiO2 Microcavity

Arjen M. Vredenberg, N. E. J. Hunt, E. Fred Schubert +3 more

Since the advent of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers, a renewed interest has also emerged for the spontaneous emission from Fabry-Pérot microcavities. Changes in spontaneous emission characteristics in a 1D microcavity were predicted long ago,1 but have been demonstrated only recently in the optical domain for solid-state, e.g. semiconductor, structures where changes in spectral purity, lifetime, and emission intensity were observed.2 However, the interpretation of these effects is somewhat obscure, because these structures are highly absorbing and often involve band-to-band, rather than atomic, transitions. In the present study, we use optically transparent Si/SiO2 cavities, consisting of two coplanar Si/SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) around a (λ/2) SiO2 active region, which was doped with ~0.2 at.% Er3+ ions through MeV ion implantation. The Er3+ ions in SiO2 exhibit a sharp, atomic-like, intra-4f transition around λem=1.54 μm, which is effectively shielded by the outerlying filled 5s2 and 5p6 shells. Recently, we reported on the considerable enhancement of the spontaneous emission intensity out of such an Er-doped microcavity.3 In this paper, we present a more detailed study of the modified spontaneous emission, including fluorescence decay measurements to study the effect of the cavity on the spontaneous emission rate.

Quantum Optoelectronics•Jan 1, 1993•2 citations

Strong Er/sup 3+/-photon coupling

Michal F. Lipson, Jürgen Michel, Kazumi Wada +1 more

Summary form only given. Light-matter interaction has been the subject of numerous investigations both in atomic and semiconductor physics. Experimentally, strong light-matter coupling regime can be achieved in a cavity. The photon is confined and in resonance with the electronic transition of the exciton or atom embedded in the cavity. As a result, photons emitted from the cavity (due to excitonic or atomic transition) will be reabsorbed and re-emitted a number of times before exiting the cavity. Direct spectroscopic measurements show two resonances split by the so-called vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS). This interaction can be modeled by a semiclassical model describing the electronic transition and the photon as two coupled Lorentzian oscillators. When in resonance their frequency is spit by the so-called vacuum Rabi splitting. In the present work we report for the first time to our knowledge, VRS of atoms in a monolithic Fabry-Perot cavity. The photon is confined in an Er/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer embedded in a monolithic Si-SiO/sub 2/ Fabry-Perot cavity.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 2000•0 citations

Er3+-doped silica-based microcavities and microspheres

Maurizio Ferrari, C. Armellini, Simone Berneschi +11 more

Two different silica-based glass systems with valuable optical and spectroscopic properties in the mu1.5 band, exploited in optical microcavities, are presented. First, we report on Er3+-activated core-shell silica spheres prepared by sol-gel process. The core consists of a silica sphere of 270 nm in diameter, while the shell is an Er2O3-SiO2 film. The second system is an Er3+-activated microcavity fabricated by rf-sputtering technique. The cavity is constituted of an Er3+-doped SiO2 layer inserted between two Bragg mirrors, fabricated by alternately stacking five TiO2 and five SiO2 thin films. Optical and spectroscopic properties were assessed, and the two systems were characterized from morphological and structural point of view.

•Apr 28, 2008•0 citations

Calculation of lifetime dependence of Er3+ on cavity length in dielectric half-wave and full-wave microcavities

C.C. Lin, D. G. Deppe

Angular spontaneous emission rates and lifetimes of Er3+ in Si/SiO2 microcavities are calculated for cavity lengths close to full and half-wavelengths. For a half-wavelength cavity, the calculations show that the spontaneous lifetime is sensitive to the variation of cavity length, and agrees very well with the experimental data measured by Vredenberg, Hunt, Schubert, Jacobson, Poate, and Zydzik [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 517 (1993)]. This variation comes from a coupling rate change into the cavity normal. For a full wavelength cavity, the lifetime is less sensitive to cavity length due to strong coupling of spontaneous emission to a fundamental waveguide mode.

Journal of Applied Physics•May 1, 1994•6 citations

Controlling the optical properties of single molecules by optical confinement in a tunable microcavity

Raphael Gutbrod, Alexey I. Chizhik, Anna M. Chizhik +4 more

Optical microcavities are structures which confine light to a small region in the range of one wavelength. The radiation of a quantum emitter is coupled to cavity resonances which leads to an optical confinement of the broadband fluorescence. A practical design for this single-mode microcavity is formed by two silver mirrors enclosing a transparent dielectric medium with single quantum emitters. Steiner et al. have shown that the fluorescence spectra and decay lifetimes of single molecules in this Fabry-Perot type microcavity are strongly dependent on the resonator length.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2009•1 citation
Er 3+ ions produce a sharp line emission that has small absorption cross section, long radiative lifetime, and is independent of external perturbations. These optical properties of the Er3+ ions limit the pumping efficiency and tunability of the emission line. In this work we present a study in which Er3+ emission was modified by coupling an ensemble of Er3+ ions to a microcavity resonance. The optical response of an optical cavity that consists of an Er2O3 layer confined between Si/SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors is studied. When the cavity is in resonance with the optical transition of the Er3+ ions, the resonances in the reflectivity spectra split. The results are explained by a standard semiclassical model of atom–photon coupling.
The spontaneous emission lifetime and intensity of Er implanted into SiO2{\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}SiO2​ is modified by a Si/SiO2{\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}SiO2​ planar microcavity. The cavity strongly affects the coupling of the optically excited Er3+{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}Er3+ to the radiative and waveguiding modes of the system, resulting in a spontaneous lifetime of 14.8 ms for a cavity off-resonance with the Er3+{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}Er3+ versus a lifetime of 9.1 ms for an on-resonance cavity. The observed spontaneous emission lifetime changes agree well with calculated values based on a computation method which is also presented.
Since the advent of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers, a renewed interest has also emerged for the spontaneous emission from Fabry-Pérot microcavities. Changes in spontaneous emission characteristics in a 1D microcavity were predicted long ago,1 but have been demonstrated only recently in the optical domain for solid-state, e.g. semiconductor, structures where changes in spectral purity, lifetime, and emission intensity were observed.2 However, the interpretation of these effects is somewhat obscure, because these structures are highly absorbing and often involve band-to-band, rather than atomic, transitions. In the present study, we use optically transparent Si/SiO2 cavities, consisting of two coplanar Si/SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) around a (λ/2) SiO2 active region, which was doped with ~0.2 at.% Er3+ ions through MeV ion implantation. The Er3+ ions in SiO2 exhibit a sharp, atomic-like, intra-4f transition around λem=1.54 μm, which is effectively shielded by the outerlying filled 5s2 and 5p6 shells. Recently, we reported on the considerable enhancement of the spontaneous emission intensity out of such an Er-doped microcavity.3 In this paper, we present a more detailed study of the modified spontaneous emission, including fluorescence decay measurements to study the effect of the cavity on the spontaneous emission rate.
Summary form only given. Light-matter interaction has been the subject of numerous investigations both in atomic and semiconductor physics. Experimentally, strong light-matter coupling regime can be achieved in a cavity. The photon is confined and in resonance with the electronic transition of the exciton or atom embedded in the cavity. As a result, photons emitted from the cavity (due to excitonic or atomic transition) will be reabsorbed and re-emitted a number of times before exiting the cavity. Direct spectroscopic measurements show two resonances split by the so-called vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS). This interaction can be modeled by a semiclassical model describing the electronic transition and the photon as two coupled Lorentzian oscillators. When in resonance their frequency is spit by the so-called vacuum Rabi splitting. In the present work we report for the first time to our knowledge, VRS of atoms in a monolithic Fabry-Perot cavity. The photon is confined in an Er/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer embedded in a monolithic Si-SiO/sub 2/ Fabry-Perot cavity.
Two different silica-based glass systems with valuable optical and spectroscopic properties in the mu1.5 band, exploited in optical microcavities, are presented. First, we report on Er3+-activated core-shell silica spheres prepared by sol-gel process. The core consists of a silica sphere of 270 nm in diameter, while the shell is an Er2O3-SiO2 film. The second system is an Er3+-activated microcavity fabricated by rf-sputtering technique. The cavity is constituted of an Er3+-doped SiO2 layer inserted between two Bragg mirrors, fabricated by alternately stacking five TiO2 and five SiO2 thin films. Optical and spectroscopic properties were assessed, and the two systems were characterized from morphological and structural point of view.
Angular spontaneous emission rates and lifetimes of Er3+ in Si/SiO2 microcavities are calculated for cavity lengths close to full and half-wavelengths. For a half-wavelength cavity, the calculations show that the spontaneous lifetime is sensitive to the variation of cavity length, and agrees very well with the experimental data measured by Vredenberg, Hunt, Schubert, Jacobson, Poate, and Zydzik [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 517 (1993)]. This variation comes from a coupling rate change into the cavity normal. For a full wavelength cavity, the lifetime is less sensitive to cavity length due to strong coupling of spontaneous emission to a fundamental waveguide mode.
Optical microcavities are structures which confine light to a small region in the range of one wavelength. The radiation of a quantum emitter is coupled to cavity resonances which leads to an optical confinement of the broadband fluorescence. A practical design for this single-mode microcavity is formed by two silver mirrors enclosing a transparent dielectric medium with single quantum emitters. Steiner et al. have shown that the fluorescence spectra and decay lifetimes of single molecules in this Fabry-Perot type microcavity are strongly dependent on the resonator length.