Physical Review A

Magnetic trapping of an atomic Mn55−Cr52 mixture

Scott V. Nguyen, Joel S. Helton, Kenneth Maussang, Wolfgang Ketterle, John M. Doyle

Published Feb 18, 2005• 10 citations

Abstract

Atomic manganese $^{55}\mathrm{Mn}$ and chromium $^{52}\mathrm{Cr}$ are simultaneously loaded and confined in a magnetic trap. Using a cryogenic $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ buffer gas, ${10}^{11}$ manganese and ${10}^{12}$ chromium atoms are trapped at an initial temperature of 600 mK. The buffer gas is then pumped away, thermally isolating the sample. The Mn-Cr interspecies inelastic rate constant is measured to be ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\mathrm{Mn},\mathrm{Cr}}=1.5(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}∕\mathrm{s}$.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.71.025602

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Physical Review A

Magnetic trapping of an atomic Mn55−Cr52 mixture

Scott V. Nguyen, Joel S. Helton, Kenneth Maussang, Wolfgang Ketterle, John M. Doyle

Published Feb 18, 2005• 10 citations

Publisher

Abstract

Atomic manganese

^{55}\mathrm{Mn}

and chromium

^{52}\mathrm{Cr}

are simultaneously loaded and confined in a magnetic trap. Using a cryogenic

^{3}\mathrm{He}

buffer gas,

{10}^{11}

manganese and

{10}^{12}

chromium atoms are trapped at an initial temperature of 600 mK. The buffer gas is then pumped away, thermally isolating the sample. The Mn-Cr interspecies inelastic rate constant is measured to be

{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\mathrm{Mn},\mathrm{Cr}}=1.5(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}∕\mathrm{s}

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.71.025602

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Physical Review ASep 17, 200838 citations

Atomic manganese

^{55}\mathrm{Mn}

and chromium

^{52}\mathrm{Cr}

are simultaneously loaded and confined in a magnetic trap. Using a cryogenic

^{3}\mathrm{He}

buffer gas,

{10}^{11}

manganese and

{10}^{12}

chromium atoms are trapped at an initial temperature of 600 mK. The buffer gas is then pumped away, thermally isolating the sample. The Mn-Cr interspecies inelastic rate constant is measured to be

{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\mathrm{Mn},\mathrm{Cr}}=1.5(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}∕\mathrm{s}

We report the magnetic trapping and evaporative cooling of bosonic and fermionic isotopes of atomic chromium. Using a cryogenic helium buffer gas,

{10}^{12}

chromium atoms are trapped at an initial temperature of \ensuremath{\sim}1 K. The chromium atoms are then cooled adiabatically and evaporatively to temperatures as low as \ensuremath{\sim}10 mK. Elastic and inelastic

{}^{52}\mathrm{Cr}

collisional cross sections are measured over this temperature range. Prospects for simultaneously creating a

{}^{52}\mathrm{Cr}

Bose-Einstein condensate and

{}^{53}\mathrm{Cr}

Fermi degenerate gas will be discussed.

Ground-state

{}^{52}\mathrm{Cr}

atoms have been magnetically trapped using buffer-gas loading. The atoms are produced by laser ablation of solid

{}^{52}\mathrm{Cr},

thermalized by collisions with a cryogenically cooled helium buffer gas, and trapped by an anti-Helmholtz quadrupole magnetic field. The atoms are detected by absorption spectroscopy on the ${a}^{7}{S}_{3}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{z}^{7}{P}_{3}$ transition at 427.6 nm. Using this technique, approximately

{10}^{11}

atoms are loaded into the trap in a single ablation pulse. Loading has been demonstrated at temperatures from 0.3 to 1.4 K.

Elastic and inelastic collision-rate constants of

^{52}\mathrm{Cr}

in the temperature range of

20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mK}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}

are inferred from the evaporative cooling of buffer gas loaded atomic chromium. Using a model that describes the dynamics of the trapped chromium cloud during evaporation, we find ${g}_{\mathrm{el}}=2.15(+2.5,\ensuremath{-}1.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}10}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}∕\mathrm{s}$ and ${g}_{\mathrm{in}}=1.36(+1.2,\ensuremath{-}0.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}∕\mathrm{s}$, consistent with theory but in disagreement with previously reported measurements.

650\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mK}

. Storage times of up to

180\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ms}

have been observed, corresponding to a 20-fold lifetime enhancement with respect to the field-free diffusion through the

^{3}\mathrm{He}

buffer-gas. Using Monte Carlo trajectory simulations, inelastic molecule-

^{3}\mathrm{He}

collision cross sections of $1.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}18}$ and $3.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}17}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ are extracted for CrH and MnH, respectively. Furthermore, elastic molecule-

^{3}\mathrm{He}

collision cross sections of $1.4(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ are determined for both species. We conclude that the confinement time of these molecules in a magnetic trapping field is limited by inelastic collisions with the helium atoms leading to Zeeman relaxation.