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Springer series in optical sciences/SPringer series in optical sciences

Optical Second Harmonic Generation by a Single Laser Beam in an Isotropic Medium

Richard R. Freeman, John E. Bjorkholm, R. L. Panock, William E. Cooke

Published Jan 1, 1981• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-540-38804-3_77

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Second harmonic generation (SHG) in atomic Li vapor is studied when the 2 2 S 1/2 -3 2 S 1/2 two-photon transition is resonantly excited. This is an SHG in a medium with inversion symmetry, with no externally apptied electric or magnetic field, and with no apparent multipole moments associated with the resonant excitation. The SH polarization is found to be parallel to the intensity gradient of the incident laser beam when a cylindrical lens focusing is applied. The mechanism of this highly forbidden SHG is explained by the radial electric field induced by free expansion of photo-electrons around the laser beam axis.
Optical second harmonic generation has been observed on or near the 4s 2 S 1/2 -6s 2 S 1/2 , 4s 2 S 1/2 -np 2 P 1/2, 3/2 (n=5, 6) and 4s 2 S 1/2 -nd 2 D 5/2, 3/2 (n=3,4) two-photon resonances in potassium vapour, as laser scanning in the 660-940 nm wavelength range. The second harmonic intensities and ionisation currents have been measured as a function of pumping laser detuning from the two-photon resonances. On or near the two-photon resonances, the intensity and vapour-density dependence of second harmonic generation have also been investigated. The saturation of second harmonic generation has been observed. Some calculations and analyses have been made with the chi (3) model. The results have been compared with the measurements. Based on these analyses, the mechanisms for second harmonic generation in isotropic vapours are discussed.