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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

An Off-Axis Rotating Magneto-Optical Atom Trap

Jinwei Wu, Eunsoon Oh, Frank A. Moscatelli, Charmaine Gilbreath, Yeonju Han Oh, Shengwang Du

Published May 17, 2006• 0 citations
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We report on a simple anisotropic magneto-optical trap for neutral atoms that produces a large sample of cold atoms confined in a cylindrically-shaped volume with a high aspect ratio (100:1). Due to the large number of trapped atoms, the laser beams that propagate along the optically thick axis of the trap to cool the atoms are substantially attenuated. We demonstrate that the resulting intensity imbalance produces a net force that spatially localizes the atoms. This limits both the trap length and the total number of trapped atoms. Rotating the cooling beams by a small angle relative to the trap axis avoids the problem of attenuation, and atoms can be trapped throughout the entire available trapping volume. Numerical and experimental results are reported that demonstrate the effects of absorption in an anisotropic trap, and a steady-state, line-center optical path length of 55 is measured for a probe beam propagating along the length of the trap.

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Abstract Nonlinear magneto‐optical rotation (NMOR) atomic magnetometer has extreme precision and sensitivity. However, atomic magnetometer suffers from the problem of dead zone that the sensitive signal decays to zero if the magnetic field is along some specific directions relative to the sensor. In this paper, a new scheme based on excitation of dual‐axis magnetic pulse is presented to eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer. The magnetic field measurement is based on the mode of free induction decay (FID), which allows pumping and detecting stages to be separated without interference from magnetic pulse. The dead zone model is developed for NMOR atomic magnetometer from the mechanism of interaction between optical field and polarized atoms. To eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer, the response model with dual‐axis magnetic pulse excitation is established by using the density matrix theory for bias magnetic field in arbitrary direction. Then the proposed method of suppressing the dead zone is examined in the experiment, which is in agreement with the developed model. The results show that the method can effectively eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer, which is of great significance to measurement of magnetic field in complex magnetic environment with variable direction.

Advanced Quantum Technologies•Jan 17, 2025•8 citations
We report on a simple anisotropic magneto-optical trap for neutral atoms that produces a large sample of cold atoms confined in a cylindrically-shaped volume with a high aspect ratio (100:1). Due to the large number of trapped atoms, the laser beams that propagate along the optically thick axis of the trap to cool the atoms are substantially attenuated. We demonstrate that the resulting intensity imbalance produces a net force that spatially localizes the atoms. This limits both the trap length and the total number of trapped atoms. Rotating the cooling beams by a small angle relative to the trap axis avoids the problem of attenuation, and atoms can be trapped throughout the entire available trapping volume. Numerical and experimental results are reported that demonstrate the effects of absorption in an anisotropic trap, and a steady-state, line-center optical path length of 55 is measured for a probe beam propagating along the length of the trap.
We present a novel configuration of a magneto-optical trap for cold atoms. The trap is very simple in design, employing only a small permanent magnet and an external Helmholtz bias coil. The trap's principal advantage is that the entire volume of the overlapping laser beams can be used for atom guiding and manipulation. An especially interesting effect is the rotation of the trapped atoms in circular motion as the permanent magnet is rotated. Clouds containing on the order of 2*10(6) atoms are rotated up to 60Hz forming a 5 mm diameter ring. This rotation can potentially be used in studying the behavior of cold atoms in 2-dimensional potential as well as applications for rotational sensors. We also present a classical theoretical model to simulate the experiment.
Abstract Nonlinear magneto‐optical rotation (NMOR) atomic magnetometer has extreme precision and sensitivity. However, atomic magnetometer suffers from the problem of dead zone that the sensitive signal decays to zero if the magnetic field is along some specific directions relative to the sensor. In this paper, a new scheme based on excitation of dual‐axis magnetic pulse is presented to eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer. The magnetic field measurement is based on the mode of free induction decay (FID), which allows pumping and detecting stages to be separated without interference from magnetic pulse. The dead zone model is developed for NMOR atomic magnetometer from the mechanism of interaction between optical field and polarized atoms. To eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer, the response model with dual‐axis magnetic pulse excitation is established by using the density matrix theory for bias magnetic field in arbitrary direction. Then the proposed method of suppressing the dead zone is examined in the experiment, which is in agreement with the developed model. The results show that the method can effectively eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer, which is of great significance to measurement of magnetic field in complex magnetic environment with variable direction.