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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Observation of Feshbach resonances in an ultracold gas of chromium atoms

Juergen Stuhler, Joerg Werner, Axel Griesmaier, S. Hensler, Tilman Pfau, Andrea Simoni, Eite Tiesinga

Published May 20, 2005• 0 citations
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We have observed Bose-Einstein condensation of chromium atoms [1], whose large magnetic dipole moment is unique among all species that have been Bose-condensed so far. The arising magnetic forces are of anisotropic and long-range character and therefore introduce a novel type of interaction in the physics of ultracold quantum gases. In addition, it is expected that the character of the interaction present in a chromium BEC can be varied from mainly contact to purely dipolar utilizing one of the recently observed Feshbach resonances in 52Cr-collisions.
Rigorous calculations of magnetic Feshbach resonances and Zeeman relaxation cross sections in an ultracold and cold chromium gas are reported. This work presents the calculation of such inelastic processes in collisions of atoms with large magnetic moments. Using our recently constructed accurate interaction potentials for the chromium dimer, we compute the positions and widths of magnetically tuned resonances in an optically trapped ultracold Cr gas. We find good agreement with recent experimental data and report that spin-change collision cross sections quickly increase with decreasing collision energy and magnetic-field strength at energies below 1 K and magnetic fields larger than 40 G.