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Gallium Nitride UV Single Photon Source

Seong-Ju Park

Published Jan 29, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Abstract : This proposal aims to develop the electrically driven single photon sources for applications in quantum computing and quantum cryptography. The development of single photon devices is an important issue and has much potential in the field of modern photonics and optical technology in conjunction with nanotechnology.

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Single-photon sources in diamond, silicon carbide and gallium nitride

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Solid-state single-photon sources are the central blocks for many scalable quantum applications including quantum computing, quantum key distributions, and quantum simulations. Over the years, diverse quantum emitters have been studied. This thesis endeavored investigations into single-photon sources in diamond, silicon carbide and gallium nitride in three directions: Firstly, identification of the single-photon sources that have never been reported before and fabrication technique for scalable single germanium vacancy centers in diamond. Telecom wavelength single photon sources have been found in both gallium nitride and silicon carbide. More importantly, those emitters work even at room temperature and are promising for quantum key distribution applications in the future. Secondly, the spin properties study of the single silicon vacancy in diamond: the silicon vacancy optical transition has been coherently controlled in the work. The optical Rabi oscillations in the time domain have been observed. The ultrafast spin control of the silicon vacancy has been also achieved. Thirdly, quantum applications of the divacancy spins in silicon carbide: nano-scale thermometry based on the quantum control of the divacancy spin in silicon carbide has been introduced. Especially, we found a self-protected effect that the transverse strain can protect the spin from the local magnetic field and enables longer coherence time. Finally, some possible directions have been discussed.

•Jan 1, 2018•0 citations

Nitride Single Photon Sources

Tongtong Zhu, John C. Jarman, Christopher X. Ren +9 more

Single photon sources are a key enabling technology for quantum communications, and in the future more advanced quantum light sources may underpin other quantum information processing paradigms such as linear optical quantum computation. In considering possible practical implementations of future quantum technologies, the nitride materials system is attractive since nitride quantum dots (QDs) achieve single photon emission at easily accessible temperatures [1], potentially enabling the implementation of quantum key distribution paradigms in contexts where cryogenic cooling is impracticable.

IEEE Photonics Conference•Sep 1, 2018•0 citations

Nanophotonic technologies for single-photon devices

Annamaria Gerardino, Marco Francardi, Alessandro Gaggero +6 more

Abstract The progress in nanofabrication has made possible the realization of optic nanodevices able to handle single photons and to exploit the quantum nature of single-photon states. In particular, quantum cryptography (or more precisely quantum key distribution, QKD) allows unconditionally secure exchange of cryptographic keys by the transmission of optical pulses each containing no more than one photon. Additionally, the coherent control of excitonic and photonic qubits is a major step forward in the field of solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics, with potential applications in quantum computing. Here, we describe devices for realization of single photon generation and detection based on high resolution technologies and their physical properties. Particular attention will be devoted to the description of single-quantum dot sources based on photonic crystal microcavites optically and electrically driven: the electrically driven devices is an important result towards the realization of single photon source “on demand”. A new class of single photon detectors, based on superconducting nanowires, the superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are also introduced: the fabrication techniques and the design proposed to obtain large area coverage and photon number-resolving capability are described.

Opto-Electronics Review•Jan 1, 2010•4 citations

Focus on Single Photons on Demand

Philippe Grangier, Barry C. Sanders, Jelena Vuckovic A

It is safe to say that, when the concept of the photon was first introduced, the generation of single photons was not being considered. Until the emergence of the ideas and methods of quantum optics, the `single-photon regime' was attained by strongly attenuating a laser beam to ensure that the probability of having more than one photon became negligible. However, such attenuated beams differ from `true' single photons in at least two respects: first, the vacuum probability is much higher than the probability of detecting a photon, so one gets predominantly a `no-photon' regime with occasional detection of a photon; second, the probability of getting two photons is never zero, but essentially follows a Poisson law. Although the weak beam has been useful in quantum optics, the advent of quantum information science has placed stringent demands on optical sources, namely that sources produce single photons either on demand or heralded. 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New Journal of Physics•Jul 29, 2004•87 citations

Semiconductor sources of pure quantum light (Conference Presentation)

P. Senellart

Quantum light is a key resource for the development of quantum-enhanced technologies such as secure communications, quantum networks, distributed quantum computing, metrology, etc. The development of these technologies requires light sources emitting single photons in a pure quantum state as well as efficient photon-photon gates. Such sources and gates can be obtained making use of the single-photon sensitivity of an atomic transition. We study artificial atoms in the form of semiconductor quantum dots to develop building blocks for optical quantum technologies. We use the tools of opto-electronics and nanotechnology to fabricate close to ideal atom-photon interfaces, where a single artificial atom interacts with a single mode of the optical field. We show that cavity quantum electrodynamics allows to largely isolate the artificial atoms from all sources of decoherence such as charge noise and crystal vibrations. We obtain bright solid-state sources of single photons with very high quantum purity, not only in the frequency basis, but for the first time also in the photon number basis. Finally, we have made progresses toward the development of efficient two-photon gates, with devices performing as nonlinear switches at the single-photon level. Some references: High-performances quantum light sources Somaschi et al., Nature Photonics 10, 340 (2016) Grange et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 253602 (2017) Senellart, Solomon and White, Nature Nanotechnology 12, 1026 (2017) J. C. Loredo, C. Anton, et. al, arXiv:1810.05170 Scaling-up optical quantum computing Loredo et al., Optica 3, 433 (2016) Loredo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 130503 (2017) Toward efficient photon-photon gates Giesz et al., Nat. Comm 7, 11986 (2016) De Santis et al, Nature Nanotechnology 12, 663 (2017)

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A new device consisting of a semiconductor ring produces pairs of entangled photons that could be used in a photonic quantum processor. By Michael SchirberQ uantum light sources produce entangled pairs of photons that can be used in quantum computing and cryptography.A new experiment has demonstrated a quantum light source made from the semiconductor gallium nitride.This material provides a versatile platform for device fabrication, having previously been used for on-chip lasers, detectors, and waveguides.Combined with these other optical components, the new quantum light source opens up the potential to construct a complex quantum circuit, such as a photonic quantum processor, on a single chip.Quantum optics is a rapidly advancing field, with many experiments using photons to carry quantum information and perform quantum computations.However, for optical systems

Physics•Mar 29, 2024•1 citation
Solid-state single-photon sources are the central blocks for many scalable quantum applications including quantum computing, quantum key distributions, and quantum simulations. Over the years, diverse quantum emitters have been studied. This thesis endeavored investigations into single-photon sources in diamond, silicon carbide and gallium nitride in three directions: Firstly, identification of the single-photon sources that have never been reported before and fabrication technique for scalable single germanium vacancy centers in diamond. Telecom wavelength single photon sources have been found in both gallium nitride and silicon carbide. More importantly, those emitters work even at room temperature and are promising for quantum key distribution applications in the future. Secondly, the spin properties study of the single silicon vacancy in diamond: the silicon vacancy optical transition has been coherently controlled in the work. The optical Rabi oscillations in the time domain have been observed. The ultrafast spin control of the silicon vacancy has been also achieved. Thirdly, quantum applications of the divacancy spins in silicon carbide: nano-scale thermometry based on the quantum control of the divacancy spin in silicon carbide has been introduced. Especially, we found a self-protected effect that the transverse strain can protect the spin from the local magnetic field and enables longer coherence time. Finally, some possible directions have been discussed.
Single photon sources are a key enabling technology for quantum communications, and in the future more advanced quantum light sources may underpin other quantum information processing paradigms such as linear optical quantum computation. In considering possible practical implementations of future quantum technologies, the nitride materials system is attractive since nitride quantum dots (QDs) achieve single photon emission at easily accessible temperatures [1], potentially enabling the implementation of quantum key distribution paradigms in contexts where cryogenic cooling is impracticable.
Abstract The progress in nanofabrication has made possible the realization of optic nanodevices able to handle single photons and to exploit the quantum nature of single-photon states. In particular, quantum cryptography (or more precisely quantum key distribution, QKD) allows unconditionally secure exchange of cryptographic keys by the transmission of optical pulses each containing no more than one photon. Additionally, the coherent control of excitonic and photonic qubits is a major step forward in the field of solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics, with potential applications in quantum computing. Here, we describe devices for realization of single photon generation and detection based on high resolution technologies and their physical properties. Particular attention will be devoted to the description of single-quantum dot sources based on photonic crystal microcavites optically and electrically driven: the electrically driven devices is an important result towards the realization of single photon source “on demand”. A new class of single photon detectors, based on superconducting nanowires, the superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are also introduced: the fabrication techniques and the design proposed to obtain large area coverage and photon number-resolving capability are described.
It is safe to say that, when the concept of the photon was first introduced, the generation of single photons was not being considered. Until the emergence of the ideas and methods of quantum optics, the `single-photon regime' was attained by strongly attenuating a laser beam to ensure that the probability of having more than one photon became negligible. However, such attenuated beams differ from `true' single photons in at least two respects: first, the vacuum probability is much higher than the probability of detecting a photon, so one gets predominantly a `no-photon' regime with occasional detection of a photon; second, the probability of getting two photons is never zero, but essentially follows a Poisson law. Although the weak beam has been useful in quantum optics, the advent of quantum information science has placed stringent demands on optical sources, namely that sources produce single photons either on demand or heralded. In particular secure quantum cryptography and linear optical quantum computing depend on the availability of such single-photon sources. The combination of strict requirements for single photons, plus new technologies, is driving an exciting research effort into single-photon generation. This Focus Issue recognizes that single-photon sources are rapidly developing and presents research articles covering the spectrum of activity in the field. Significant advances are reported for single-photon and photon-pair sources constructed from quantum dots in pillar microcavities, parametric down converters, falling neutral atoms and trapped ions in cavities, defects in diamond nanocrystals and a single molecule in a solid. In addition to producing single-photon pulses, one article reports on the latest developments regarding the production of photon number states in a microwave cavity. Another article discusses the application of a nitrogen-vacancy-based single-photon source to an experimental demonstration of quantum key distribution in open air. Photodetection performs a critical role in assessing single-photon sources as well as heralding the arrival of a single photon based on detecting a correlated partner, and this issue presents the latest results on single-photon counting with a superconducting niobium nitride hot-electron bolometer. Another article provides a detailed study of how to characterize single-photon sources via intensity noise analyses. Photodetection is also important for post-selection-based processing for non-deterministic quantum information tasks, and this issue presents an analysis of photodetection and post-selection used in another way: enhancing the efficiency of single-photon sources by interferometry, photodetection and post-selection. New Journal of Physics appreciates the rapid pace of development in the area of single photons on demand. This Focus Issue presents the latest developments and also points to a bright future with better photon sources. Focus on Single Photons on Demand Contents Photon statistics characterization of a single-photon source R Alleaume, F Treussart, J-M Courty and J-F Roch Photon statistics of a non-stationary periodically driven single-photon source M Hennrich, T Legero, A Kuhn and G Rempe On the measurement of two-photon single-mode coupling efficiency in parametric down-conversion photon sources S Castelletto, I P Degiovanni, A Migdall and M Ware Single-photon sources based on single molecules in solids W E Moerner Single-photon generation with InAs quantum dots Charles Santori, David Fattal, Jelena Vuckovic, Glenn S Solomon and Yoshihisa Yamamoto Visible single-photon generation from semiconductor quantum dots Thomas Aichele, Valery Zwiller and Oliver Benson Enhanced correlated photon pair emission from a pillar microcavity M Benyoucef, S M Ulrich, P Michler, J Wiersig, F Jahnke and A Forchel Experimental open-air quantum key distribution with a single-photon source R Alleaume, F Treussart, G Messin, Y Dumeige, J-F Roch, A Beveratos, R Brouri-Tualle, J-P Poizat and P Grangier Post-processing with linear optics for improving the quality of single-photon sources Dominic W Berry, Stefan Scheel, Casey R Myers, Barry C Sanders, Peter L Knight and Raymond Laflamme A single-photon source based on a single Ca+ ion Christian Maurer, Christoph Becher, Carlos Russo, Jurgen Eschner and Rainer Blatt A calcium ion in a cavity as a controlled single-photon source M Keller, B Lange, K Hayasaka, W Lange and H Walther Quantum optics with single quantum dot devices Valery Zwiller, Thomas Aichele and Oliver Benson The creation and detection of arbitrary photon number states using cavity QED Benjamin T H Varcoe, Simon Brattke and Herbert Walther Stable single-photon source in the near infrared T Gaebel, I Popa, A Gruber, M Domhan, F Jelezko and J Wrachtrup Colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as single-photon sources X Brokmann, G Messin, P Desbiolles, E Giacobino, M Dahan and J P Hermier Towards a periodic deterministic source of arbitrary single-photon states Evan Jeffrey, Nicholas A Peters and Paul G Kwiat Fabrication of a superconducting niobium nitride hot electron bolometer for single-photon counting R Romestain, B Delaet, P Renaud-Goud, I Wang, C Jorel, J-C Villegier and J-Ph Poizat High-quality asynchronous heralded single-photon source at telecom wavelength Sylvain Fasel, Olivier Alibart, Sebastien Tanzilli, Pascal Baldi, Alexios Beveratos, Nicolas Gisin and Hugo Zbinden Philippe Grangier, Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee, Orsay, France Barry Sanders, University of Calgary, Canada Jelena Vuckovic, Stanford University, CA, USA
Quantum light is a key resource for the development of quantum-enhanced technologies such as secure communications, quantum networks, distributed quantum computing, metrology, etc. The development of these technologies requires light sources emitting single photons in a pure quantum state as well as efficient photon-photon gates. Such sources and gates can be obtained making use of the single-photon sensitivity of an atomic transition. We study artificial atoms in the form of semiconductor quantum dots to develop building blocks for optical quantum technologies. We use the tools of opto-electronics and nanotechnology to fabricate close to ideal atom-photon interfaces, where a single artificial atom interacts with a single mode of the optical field. We show that cavity quantum electrodynamics allows to largely isolate the artificial atoms from all sources of decoherence such as charge noise and crystal vibrations. We obtain bright solid-state sources of single photons with very high quantum purity, not only in the frequency basis, but for the first time also in the photon number basis. Finally, we have made progresses toward the development of efficient two-photon gates, with devices performing as nonlinear switches at the single-photon level. Some references: High-performances quantum light sources Somaschi et al., Nature Photonics 10, 340 (2016) Grange et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 253602 (2017) Senellart, Solomon and White, Nature Nanotechnology 12, 1026 (2017) J. C. Loredo, C. Anton, et. al, arXiv:1810.05170 Scaling-up optical quantum computing Loredo et al., Optica 3, 433 (2016) Loredo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 130503 (2017) Toward efficient photon-photon gates Giesz et al., Nat. Comm 7, 11986 (2016) De Santis et al, Nature Nanotechnology 12, 663 (2017)
A new device consisting of a semiconductor ring produces pairs of entangled photons that could be used in a photonic quantum processor. By Michael SchirberQ uantum light sources produce entangled pairs of photons that can be used in quantum computing and cryptography.A new experiment has demonstrated a quantum light source made from the semiconductor gallium nitride.This material provides a versatile platform for device fabrication, having previously been used for on-chip lasers, detectors, and waveguides.Combined with these other optical components, the new quantum light source opens up the potential to construct a complex quantum circuit, such as a photonic quantum processor, on a single chip.Quantum optics is a rapidly advancing field, with many experiments using photons to carry quantum information and perform quantum computations.However, for optical systems