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A quantum theory of photodetector correlations

T. L. Paoli

Published Jan 1, 1967• 0 citations
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Correlations between the outputs of two photodetectors illuminated by arbitrary radiation fields are discussed in terms of quantum field theory. Emphasis is placed on evaluating contributions to the mean correlation which originate in the nonzero commutators of the photon field and are within the frequency response of common detectors. The model for a photodetector, which is applicable to detectors with semiconductors or metals as sensitive elements, is described in terms of the one-electron approximation of the band theory of solids. Time-dependent perturbation theory utilizing methods of scattering theory is used to obtain the lowest-order contribution to the mean detector current and mean cross correlation. In contrast to previous discussions, contributions to the mean correlation which are fourth-order in the field-detector coupling and originate in the quantum nature of the photon field are shown to be exactly zero under reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the detectors.

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Correlations between the outputs of two photodetectors illuminated by arbitrary radiation fields are discussed in terms of quantum field theory. Emphasis is placed on evaluating contributions to the mean correlation which originate in the nonzero commutators of the photon field and are within the frequency response of common detectors. The model for a photodetector, which is applicable to detectors with semiconductors or metals as sensitive elements, is described in terms of the one-electron approximation of the band theory of solids. Time-dependent perturbation theory utilizing methods of scattering theory is used to obtain the lowest-order contribution to the mean detector current and mean cross correlation. In contrast to previous discussions, contributions to the mean correlation which are fourth-order in the field-detector coupling and originate in the quantum nature of the photon field are shown to be exactly zero under reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the detectors.
We present a local unitary theory of a Bell-EPR measurement, starting with the premeasurement filtering of the individual photon polarizations and extending through the detection process involving four photodetectors, two at each receiving station. The essential feature is that decoherence occurs locally and independently with each detector upon its absorption of a photon. Communication between observers after they read their local outcomes confirms the known Bell-EPR correlations. This theory is manifestly local, but there exist other formulations, and interpretations, that are non-local.