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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Thermal distribution and the contact of Fermi gases at large scattering lengths

Joaquín E. Drut, Timo A. Lähde, Timour B. Ten

Published Mar 23, 2011• 0 citations
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We present a rigorous study of momentum distribution and ppp-wave contacts of one-dimensional spinless Fermi gases with an attractive ppp-wave interaction. Using the Bethe ansatz wave function, we calculate analytically the high-momentum tail and show that the leading ($\ensuremath{\sim}1/{p}^{2}$) and sub-leading terms ($\ensuremath{\sim}1/{p}^{4}$) are determined by two contacts C2{C}_{2}C2​ and C4{C}_{4}C4​, which are related to the short-distance behavior of the two-body density matrix and its derivatives. As one increases the one-dimensional scattering length, the contact C2{C}_{2}C2​ increases monotonically from zero while C4{C}_{4}C4​ exhibits a peak at finite scattering length. In addition, we obtain analytic expressions for ppp-wave contacts at finite temperature from the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations for both weak and strong attractive interactions.
We develop the contact theory for spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gases. By using a perturbation method, we derive analytically the universal two-body behavior at short distance, which does not depend on the short-range details of interatomic potentials. We find that two new scattering parameters need to be introduced because of spin-orbit coupling, besides the traditional s- and p-wave scattering length (volume) and effective ranges. This is a general and unique feature for spin-orbit-coupled systems. Consequently, two new adiabatic energy relations with respect to the new scattering parameters are obtained, in which a new contact is involved because of spin-orbit coupling. In addition, we derive the asymptotic behavior of the large-momentum distribution, and find that the subleading tail is corrected by the new contact. This work paves the way for exploring the profound properties of spin-orbit-coupled many-body systems, according to two-body solutions.