Algorithmic Aspects of Secure Computation and Communication

Ryo Kikuchi

Brian Goncalves, Arash Mahari, Atefeh Mashatan +2 more

Quantum computing, power systems, and communication represent three distinct fields that converge to address the complexities involved in the quantum cybersecurity of power systems. Quantum computers present a serious threat to cybersecurity by potentially affecting traditional encryption methods, which could compromise sensitive data and disrupt the integrity of secure communications. As communication and data transformation serve as the backbone of modern power grid monitoring, control, and protection systems, the growing awareness of cyber-vulnerabilities in power grids has made cybersecurity a pressing concern. The IEC 62351 standard family has been developed to provide security recommendations for various power system communication protocols and is emerging as a leading cybersecurity standard for power systems. However, the vulnerabilities of these standards to quantum threats have yet to be fully explored. This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of security threats and vulnerabilities in modern power systems against quantum attacks. It systematically reviews the security considerations outlined in IEC 62351 for safeguarding various aspects, such as IEC 61850 messages, key management, XML file security, and TCP/IP profiles. The analysis reveals that almost all encryption algorithms mandated and recommended by IEC 62351 are vulnerable to quantum attacks such as Grover's and Shor's algorithms.

P. Siva Lakshmi, G. Murali

In internet and network applications the most challenging aspects is the security. The importance and the value of exchanged data over internet is increasing due to growth in internet and network applications. Cryptography converts the information from normal form to unreadable form, in the computer security. The one encryption algorithm is identified and differentiated from another by two main characteristics that are speed and the efficiency and have the ability to secure the protected data against attacks. Fundamental laws of the quantum physics are applied by Quantum Cryptography to guarantee the secure communication between the legitimate users, namely Alice and Bob. Quantum mechanics is used by Quantum Key Distribution to guarantee the secure communication. This paper provides the comparative analysis on Classical and Quantum Cryptography using various cryptographic algorithms to identify the best algorithm in classical or quantum cryptography.

Yuval Ishai

Ronald Cramer

Swathi Mummadi, Shiva Spoorthi V., Neha S. +3 more

Quantum computing, a paradigm shift in computational science, leverages quantum mechanics principles like superposition and entanglement to solve problems beyond the capabilities of classical computers. This breakthrough technology has profound implications for cybersecurity. On one hand, quantum computing promises robust advancements in secure communication through innovations such as QKD and quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms, ensuring data protection against emerging threats. On the other hand, it poses significant risks to conventional encryption systems like RSA and ECC, which underpin modern cybersecurity infrastructures, as quantum algorithms like Shor's algorithm can efficiently break these systems. The development of quantum safe technologies is crucial to mitigate potential risks and harness the opportunities quantum computing offers for enhancing secure communication and protecting critical information. This paper explores these dual aspects, highlighting the need for preparedness in the evolving quantum era.