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Physical Review A

Collisional deactivation of the 5s and 4p states of Na by N2

Thomas F. Gallagher, William E. Cooke, S. A. Edelstein

Published Jan 1, 1978• 27 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The collisional deactivation of the Na $5s$ and $4p$ states by collisions with ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ molecules has been studied using the method of laser-induced fluorescence. The total cross sections for the depopulation of the $5s$ and $4p$ states are 86(8) and 43(4) ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$, respectively. The cross sections for the specific collisional transfers $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4p$, $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d$, and $4p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d$ are 32(8), 10(2), and 19(3) ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$, respectively.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.17.125

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Inelastic cross sections in Cs(nDJ2)+Cs(6S122) collisions

A. C. Tam, T. Yabuzaki, Stephen M. Curry +2 more

The inelastic collisional cross sections of the $\mathrm{nD}$ states of Cs are measured by the technique of selective laser excitation and observation of collision-induced fluorescence. The cross sections (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) for the fine-structure-changing collisions [i.e., $\mathrm{Cs}(n^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})+\mathrm{Cs}(6^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Cs}(n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})+\mathrm{Cs}(6^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})$] for $n$ being 6-10 are 2.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5, 3.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.7, 8.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.7, 18.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.7, and 29.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6.0, respectively. The cross sections (in ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) for excitation transfer out of the $\mathrm{nD}$ doublet [i.e., $\mathrm{Cs}(n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})+\mathrm{Cs}(6^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{states}\mathrm{other}\mathrm{than} \mathrm{Cs}(\mathrm{nD})$] for $n$ being 6-10 are 1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6, 5.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5, 3.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5, 6.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.3, and 15.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.0, respectively. The fine-structure-changing cross sections are found to be nearly equal to the geometrical cross section $\ensuremath{\pi}{n}^{*4}{a}_{0}^{2}$ for all the $\mathrm{nD}$ states studied, except $6D$, whose fine-structure-changing cross section is unusually large.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 1978•29 citations
The collisional deactivation of the Na 5s5s5s and 4p4p4p states by collisions with N2{\mathrm{N}}_{2}N2​ molecules has been studied using the method of laser-induced fluorescence. The total cross sections for the depopulation of the 5s5s5s and 4p4p4p states are 86(8) and 43(4) A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2, respectively. The cross sections for the specific collisional transfers 5s\ensuremath→4p5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4p5s\ensuremath→4p, 5s\ensuremath→3d5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d5s\ensuremath→3d, and 4p\ensuremath→3d4p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d4p\ensuremath→3d are 32(8), 10(2), and 19(3) A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2, respectively.
Abstract. The cross sections for the Na.4D/! Na.4F / excitation energy transfer induced by collisions with He, Ar and Na ground-state atoms have been measured. The sodium atoms in the 4D state have been produced by two-photon excitation using cw laser radiation at 578.89 nm. Within a model which takes into account collisional population and depopulation of the 4F level as well as radiative relaxation (direct or cascade) of the 3D, 4P, 4D and 4F states ending in the 3P level, the rate for the Na.4D / ! Na.4F / collisional transfer turns out to be related to the ratio of the steady-state populations created in 3D and 4D states. They have been determined by measuring the fluorescence intensities of the 3D! 3P and 4D! 3P transitions. The measurements yield the following cross section values for those
The cross sections for the excitation energy transfer induced by collisions with He, Ar and Na ground-state atoms have been measured. The sodium atoms in the 4D state have been produced by two-photon excitation using cw laser radiation at 578.89 nm. Within a model which takes into account collisional population and depopulation of the 4F level as well as radiative relaxation (direct or cascade) of the 3D, 4P, 4D and 4F states ending in the 3P level, the rate for the collisional transfer turns out to be related to the ratio of the steady-state populations created in 3D and 4D states. They have been determined by measuring the fluorescence intensities of the and transitions. The measurements yield the following cross section values for those processes investigated: , and , at .
We report our measurements of the cross sections ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{5S}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{4D}$ for the electronic-energy-transfer process $\mathrm{Na}(3P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Na}(5S,4D)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)$. To obtain these cross sections we have measured the fluorescence intensity for the transitions $5S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3P$, $4D\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3P$, and $3P\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3S$ in sodium vapor excited with a cw dye laser. The study of this electronic energy transfer is complicated and there is a large disagreement (\ensuremath{\gtrsim}104{10}^{4}104) among reported measurements. We believe we have avoided most of the difficulties of previous experiments. Our results are ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{5S}=(2.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{4D}=(3.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, and they are compared with the results of other experiments.
3 2P1/2 ↔ 3 2P3/2 excitation transfer in sodium, induced in inelastic collisions with ground-state N2, H2, HD, and D2 molecules, has been investigated in a series of sensitized fluorescence experiments. Mixtures of sodium vapor at a pressure of 5 × 10−7 Torr, and the gases, were irradiated with each NaD component in turn, and the fluorescence which contained both D components was monitored at right angles to the direction of the exciting beam. Measurements of the relative intensities of the NaD fluorescent components yielded the following collision cross sections for excitation transfer. For Na–N2 collisions: Q12(2P1/2 → P3/2) = 144 Å2, Q21(2P1,2 ← 2P3/2) = 76 Å2 for Na–H2 collisions: Q12 = 80 Å2, Q21 = 42 Å2. For Na–HD collisions: Q12 = 84 Å2, Q21 = 44 Å2. For Na–D2 collisions: Q12 = 98 Å2, Q21 = 52 Å2. The cross sections Q21 exhibit a slight resonance effect between the atomic and molecular rotational transitions.
Cross sections for the collisional lll mixing of Na(n2D)\mathrm{Na}(n^{2}D)Na(n2D) states from n=5to14n=5 \mathrm{to} 14n=5to14 by N2{\mathrm{N}}_{2}N2​ and CO have been measured by time-resolved laser fluorescence and calculated in a two-state approximation by assuming the perturbing gases are spherically symmetric. For both CO and N2{\mathrm{N}}_{2}N2​ the experimental cross sections rise sharply from n=5n=5n=5 to n=10n=10n=10 and remain constant for n>10n>10n>10. The theoretical calculations overestimate the experimental cross sections by a factor of 3 from n=10to12n=10 \mathrm{to} 12n=10to12, but are in good agreement for the smaller nnn values.
The inelastic collisional cross sections of the nD\mathrm{nD}nD states of Cs are measured by the technique of selective laser excitation and observation of collision-induced fluorescence. The cross sections (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2) for the fine-structure-changing collisions [i.e., $\mathrm{Cs}(n^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})+\mathrm{Cs}(6^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Cs}(n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})+\mathrm{Cs}(6^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})$] for nnn being 6-10 are 2.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5, 3.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.7, 8.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.7, 18.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.7, and 29.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6.0, respectively. The cross sections (in ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2) for excitation transfer out of the nD\mathrm{nD}nD doublet [i.e., $\mathrm{Cs}(n^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})+\mathrm{Cs}(6^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{states}\mathrm{other}\mathrm{than} \mathrm{Cs}(\mathrm{nD})$] for nnn being 6-10 are 1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6, 5.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5, 3.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5, 6.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.3, and 15.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.0, respectively. The fine-structure-changing cross sections are found to be nearly equal to the geometrical cross section $\ensuremath{\pi}{n}^{*4}{a}_{0}^{2}$ for all the nD\mathrm{nD}nD states studied, except 6D6D6D, whose fine-structure-changing cross section is unusually large.