Generation and interferometry of entangled photons

Abstract

Entanglement is one of the most peculiar features consequent upon quantum mechanics. It is at-tributed essentially to the nonlocal nature of quantum correlation between two or more particles. The strangeness of entanglement has been demonstrated by a number of paradoxes from the dawn of quantum mechanics: one example is that proposed by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen [1], and its variety is famous Schrödinger’s cat. However, recent quantum technologies have reached an unprecedented stage at which we can directly manipulate and utilize the entanglement to go beyond the limit of clas-sical technologies. In fact, recent progress of quantum information and communication technologies relies on the use of entanglement [2]. As well, entanglement is applicable to ultra-high precise meas-urements, one prominent example of which is the quantum optical imaging and interferometry with ultra-high resolution that surpasses the classical diffraction limit [3]. In addition to exploring such novel applications, the methodology of generating entanglement is also indispensable to practical quantum technologies. In my talk, I will review the recent progress of such quantum technologies utilizing entanglement as well as its generation. In particular, I will focus on the recent experiments [4-7] of quantum optical interferometry with entangled photons that exhibit reduced de Broglie wave-length of photons [8]. I also mention the generation of entangled photons in a semiconductor that we