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AIP conference proceedings

Field-State Retrodiction in a Micromaser

E.-K. Tan

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have used retrodictive quantum theory to calculate the retrodictive initial field states of a micromaser for different combinations of prepared and measured atomic states. This method allows calculations of both the photon statistics and the off‐diagonal matrix elements, thus the phase information, of the cavity field prior to interaction with injected atoms.

DOI
10.1063/1.1834460

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We have used retrodictive quantum theory to calculate the retrodictive initial field states of a micromaser for different combinations of prepared and measured atomic states. This method allows calculations of both the photon statistics and the off‐diagonal matrix elements, thus the phase information, of the cavity field prior to interaction with injected atoms.
Correlation measurements on the states of two-level atoms having passed through a micromaser at different times can be used to infer properties of the quantum state of the radiation field in the cavity. Long(short) correlation length in time is to some extent associated with super(sub)-Poissonian photon statistics. The correlation length is also an indicator of a phase structure much richer than what is revealed by the usual single-time observables, like the atomic inversion or the Mandel quality factor. In realistic experimental situations the correlations may extend over many times the decay time of the cavity. Our assertions are verified by comparing theoretical calculations with a high-precision Monte-Carlo simulation of the micromaser system.
The long lifetime of photons in a high-QQQ micromaser cavity is used to generate a ∣n〉|n〉∣n〉-state maser field by injecting atoms, one at a time. Every atom is probed for its excitation after leaving the cavity so that the precise number of photons in the field is known. We calculate the probability of obtaining nnn photons after mmm atoms have passed the cavity.
We present a setup of two coupled micromaser cavities for studying decoherence. The system is prepared in a state where, initially, one photon is contained in one of the two cavities. The coupling of the two resonators allows the photon to tunnel into the other cavity with a certain probability. The system thus oscillates between the two states $\ensuremath{\mid}1{⟩}_{L}\ensuremath{\mid}0{⟩}_{R}$ and $\ensuremath{\mid}0{⟩}_{L}\ensuremath{\mid}1{⟩}_{R}$. It is shown how to map these states onto the states $\ensuremath{\mid}g⟩$ and $\ensuremath{\mid}e⟩$ of probe atoms used to investigate the status of the cavity system. It is an important result that the symmetry of our special setup allows decoherence to be monitored by measuring just the diagonal elements of the atomic density matrix. This property relies on the fact that only $\ensuremath{\mid}0⟩$ and $\ensuremath{\mid}1⟩$ states are relevant. To our knowledge, this is the first proposal that tries to exploit this particular property.