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Quantum optics, or quantum electronics

Charles Hard Townes

Published Jan 1, 1969• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Quantum optics or electronics, discussing electromagnetic waves control and interactions with matter, maser oscillators theory and characteristics, nonlinear optics, induced transparency, etc

Related papers

Waves, photons, atoms

Hermann Haken

Preface. List of symbols. 1. What is light? 2. The nature of light: waves or particles? 3. The nature of matter. Particles or waves? 4. Response of quantum systems to classical electromagnetic oscillations. 5. Quantization of the light field. 6. Quantization of electron wave field. 7. The interaction between light field and matter. 8. Quantum theory of coherence. 9. Dissipation and fluctuations in quantum optics. References. Subject index.

Elsevier eBooks•Jan 1, 1981•5 citations

Introduction

A. M. Fox

Abstract Quantum optics is the subject that deals with optical phenomena that can only be explained by treating light as a stream of photons rather than as electromagnetic waves. In principle, the subject is as old as quantum theory itself, but in practice, it is a relatively new one, and has really only come to the fore during the last quarter of the twentieth century.

•Apr 27, 2006•1 citation

Nonlinear wave-spin interactions in nitrogen-vacancy centers

Zhongqiang Hu, Qiuyuan Wang, Chung-Tao Chou +3 more

Nonlinear phenomena represent one of the central topics in the study of wave-matter interactions and constitute the key blocks for various applications in optical communication, computing, sensing, and imaging. In this work, we show that by employing the interactions between microwave photons and electron spins of nitrogen-vacancy ($\mathrm{N}$-$V$) centers, one can realize a variety of nonlinear effects, ranging from the resonance at the sum or difference frequency of two or more waves to electromagnetically induced transparency from the interference between spin transitions. We further verify the phase coherence through two-photon Rabi-oscillation measurements. The highly sensitive optically detected $\mathrm{N}$-$V$--center dynamics not only provides a platform for studying magnetically induced nonlinearities but also promises novel functionalities in quantum control and quantum sensing.

arXiv:2404.08772•Physical Review Applied•Apr 30, 2024•7 citations

Quantum Optics

J. C. Garrison, R. Y. Chiao

Quantum optics is the field of physics describing the interaction of individual photons with matter, but in recent years it has expanded beyond pure physics to become an important driving force for technological innovation. This book starts with an elementary description of the underlying physics and then builds up a more advanced treatment. The theory begins with the quantum description of the simple harmonic oscillator, and is subsequently extended to provide the tools required to discuss coherent states, the interaction of light with atoms, entangled states, quantum noise and dissipation, linear optical amplifiers, and the fundamental issues associated with Bell's theorem. There is an equally strong emphasis on experimental methods. A quantum description of lenses, mirrors, beam splitters, Y-junctions, circulators, and stops is applied to a collection of important experiments in linear optics. A description of the most important methods of primary photon detection is followed by an explanation of heterodyne and homodyne techniques. Spontaneous down conversion and quantum tomography are discussed, together with important experimental applications. These experimental and theoretical considerations come together in a chapter briefly discussing quantum noise and its suppression in telecommunications; the limitations and possibilities for quantum cloning; the principles and techniques of quantum cryptography; and the physical basis for quantum computing.

Oxford University Press eBooks•Jun 5, 2008•167 citations

Optically Induced Transparency

Yuanlin Zheng, Jianfan Yang, Zhenhua Shen +4 more

Light-matter-light interactions serve as the backbone technology of all-optical information processing for both on-chip and long-haul communication purposes. The representative example of electromagnetically induced transparency has its unique ability of optically controlling transparency windows with relative low light in atomic systems, though its practical applications are limited due to rigid experimental requirements. Here we demonstrate a new form of optically induced transparency in a micro-cavity by introducing four-wave mixing gain in order to couple nonlinearly two separated resonances of the micro-cavity in ambient environment. A signature Fano-like resonance is also observed owing to the nonlinear interference of two coupled resonances. Moreover, we show that the unidirectional gain of four-wave mixing can lead to non-reciprocal transmission at the transparency windows. Optically induced transparency may offer a unique platform for a compact, integrated solution to all-optical processing and quantum information.

•Apr 14, 2015•0 citations

Classical Laser

Matthew Borenstein, Willis E. Lamb

In this paper a completely classical model for laser action is discussed. An active medium consisting of classical anharmonic oscillators interacts with a classical electromagnetic field in a resonant cavity. Comparison with the case of a medium consisting of harmonic oscillators shows the significance of nonlinearities for producing self-sustained oscillations in the radiation field. The results for the classical model are found to be similar to those for a semiclassical model of the ammonia-beam maser. The conclusion is that laser action is not intrinsically a quantum-mechanical effect. The classical-laser theory as given in this paper can also be applied to the case of the electron-cyclotron maser.

Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1972•49 citations
Nonlinear phenomena represent one of the central topics in the study of wave-matter interactions and constitute the key blocks for various applications in optical communication, computing, sensing, and imaging. In this work, we show that by employing the interactions between microwave photons and electron spins of nitrogen-vacancy (N\mathrm{N}N-VVV) centers, one can realize a variety of nonlinear effects, ranging from the resonance at the sum or difference frequency of two or more waves to electromagnetically induced transparency from the interference between spin transitions. We further verify the phase coherence through two-photon Rabi-oscillation measurements. The highly sensitive optically detected N\mathrm{N}N-VVV--center dynamics not only provides a platform for studying magnetically induced nonlinearities but also promises novel functionalities in quantum control and quantum sensing.
Quantum optics is the field of physics describing the interaction of individual photons with matter, but in recent years it has expanded beyond pure physics to become an important driving force for technological innovation. This book starts with an elementary description of the underlying physics and then builds up a more advanced treatment. The theory begins with the quantum description of the simple harmonic oscillator, and is subsequently extended to provide the tools required to discuss coherent states, the interaction of light with atoms, entangled states, quantum noise and dissipation, linear optical amplifiers, and the fundamental issues associated with Bell's theorem. There is an equally strong emphasis on experimental methods. A quantum description of lenses, mirrors, beam splitters, Y-junctions, circulators, and stops is applied to a collection of important experiments in linear optics. A description of the most important methods of primary photon detection is followed by an explanation of heterodyne and homodyne techniques. Spontaneous down conversion and quantum tomography are discussed, together with important experimental applications. These experimental and theoretical considerations come together in a chapter briefly discussing quantum noise and its suppression in telecommunications; the limitations and possibilities for quantum cloning; the principles and techniques of quantum cryptography; and the physical basis for quantum computing.
Light-matter-light interactions serve as the backbone technology of all-optical information processing for both on-chip and long-haul communication purposes. The representative example of electromagnetically induced transparency has its unique ability of optically controlling transparency windows with relative low light in atomic systems, though its practical applications are limited due to rigid experimental requirements. Here we demonstrate a new form of optically induced transparency in a micro-cavity by introducing four-wave mixing gain in order to couple nonlinearly two separated resonances of the micro-cavity in ambient environment. A signature Fano-like resonance is also observed owing to the nonlinear interference of two coupled resonances. Moreover, we show that the unidirectional gain of four-wave mixing can lead to non-reciprocal transmission at the transparency windows. Optically induced transparency may offer a unique platform for a compact, integrated solution to all-optical processing and quantum information.
In this paper a completely classical model for laser action is discussed. An active medium consisting of classical anharmonic oscillators interacts with a classical electromagnetic field in a resonant cavity. Comparison with the case of a medium consisting of harmonic oscillators shows the significance of nonlinearities for producing self-sustained oscillations in the radiation field. The results for the classical model are found to be similar to those for a semiclassical model of the ammonia-beam maser. The conclusion is that laser action is not intrinsically a quantum-mechanical effect. The classical-laser theory as given in this paper can also be applied to the case of the electron-cyclotron maser.