The structure of quantum mechanics: Suggestions for a unified physics

R. Collins

This essay begins with considerations of the relational structure of a set of variables taken to represent a conceptual universe. A plausible argument is used to establish the necessity for a statistical description of any nonstatic set of such variables. A particular statistical description is then constructed based on a partition of the set of variables into two statistically independent sets. This statistical description is then shown to yield equations formally equivalent to familiar equations of thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and classical mechanics. This mathematical development is strongly suggestive of a unified way of looking at several divergent fields of physics.

Marek Bielecki

Marek Bielecki

Paul Michel

We propose that the unobservability of absolute scale constitutes a foundational principle of physics. Starting from the requirement that physical predictions must be invariant under rescalings of the action, we show that only phase-based quantities remain well defined. This requirement uniquely selects a complex amplitude description, leading directly to the structure of quantum mechanics, including linear superposition, Hilbert space, and the Born rule. Within this framework, the classical notion of action loses absolute meaning, and physical observables arise from invariant phase relations. Quantum mechanics is therefore not postulated, but emerges as the minimal consistent description of systems in which scale cannot be directly observed. The formal structure of quantum theory is shown to follow from this principle without additional axioms. We further demonstrate that the same principle implies the existence of a dynamical scale field, which governs the effective quantum scale and connects naturally to cosmological models with a time- dependent Planck mass. In this way, the structure of quantum mechanics and the large-scale dynamics of the Universe are linked through a common origin. This framework provides a unified perspective in which quantum behavior and cosmological evolution arise from a single underlying principle, suggesting a new approach to the relationship between fundamental physics and cosmology.

Alaa Abubaker Eltaheir Eltayep

Abstract: This paper proposes the One Wave Theory — a unified conceptual framework suggesting that the wave is the single invariant constant underlying all levels of existence, from subatomic particles to human consciousness. The theory posits that particles, biological bodies, and force carriers are temporary manifestations of underlying wave fields, while the information they encode remains permanent and indestructible. The photon, as the fundamental carrier of the electromagnetic force, is identified as the universal common denominator connecting physical reality, biological perception, and conscious awareness. The theory reinterprets the double-slit experiment, proposes a structural isomorphism between the photon and the human being, and offers a unified informational formalism applicable across quantum physics, neuroscience, genetics, and philosophy. Keywords: Wave theory, photon, quantum mechanics, consciousness, unified theory, information conservation, wave-particle duality, one wave