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Velocity selection of atoms from beams by a Raman method

Eugeny Korsunsky, D. V. Kosachev, Boris G. Matisov, Yu. V. Rozhdestvenskiǐ

Published Mar 1, 1992• 3 citations
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Velocity-selective Raman transitions are widely used in atom interferometers to prepare atomic ensembles with narrowly defined momentum distributions. However, differential light shifts between atomic energy levels generate velocity distributions that are correlated with the Raman beam intensity, and therefore with the position of the atoms within the laser beam. We show that these spatially inhomogeneous velocity distributions interact with detuning-dependent systematic effects in a Bragg diffraction-based simultaneous conjugate Ramsey-Bordé interferometer. These interactions can induce systematic phase shifts of order 10 milliradians in the interferometer phase. We further identify a "magic" detuning for velocity selection and show that operating at this detuning suppresses the systematic phase shift. Magic velocity selection eliminates systematic errors arising from correlations between atom velocity and position, facilitating high-resolution atom interferometry experiments targeting sub-part-per-billion accuracy.

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Spatial mapping of cold atom clouds using velocity-selective Raman pulses in differential atom interferometers

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A method for detecting the internal characteristic (including density, velocity and temperature) distribution of cold atom clouds is reported in this paper. During the detection process, the spatial resolution of the cold atom cloud is achieved at sub-mm by precisely adjusting the spatial position of the Raman laser beam. Meanwhile, to minimize the impact of frequency and intensity fluctuations in the Raman laser on measurement results, we propose to utilize a differential atomic interferometer to suppress common-mode noise, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy. This method enables precise detection of the internal structure of cold atom clouds, providing a reference for in-depth studies of atom cloud properties.

Optics Express•Sep 1, 2025•2 citations
Velocity-selective Raman transitions are widely used in atom interferometers to prepare atomic ensembles with narrowly defined momentum distributions. However, differential light shifts between atomic energy levels generate velocity distributions that are correlated with the Raman beam intensity, and therefore with the position of the atoms within the laser beam. We show that these spatially inhomogeneous velocity distributions interact with detuning-dependent systematic effects in a Bragg diffraction-based simultaneous conjugate Ramsey-Bordé interferometer. These interactions can induce systematic phase shifts of order 10 milliradians in the interferometer phase. We further identify a "magic" detuning for velocity selection and show that operating at this detuning suppresses the systematic phase shift. Magic velocity selection eliminates systematic errors arising from correlations between atom velocity and position, facilitating high-resolution atom interferometry experiments targeting sub-part-per-billion accuracy.
A method for detecting the internal characteristic (including density, velocity and temperature) distribution of cold atom clouds is reported in this paper. During the detection process, the spatial resolution of the cold atom cloud is achieved at sub-mm by precisely adjusting the spatial position of the Raman laser beam. Meanwhile, to minimize the impact of frequency and intensity fluctuations in the Raman laser on measurement results, we propose to utilize a differential atomic interferometer to suppress common-mode noise, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy. This method enables precise detection of the internal structure of cold atom clouds, providing a reference for in-depth studies of atom cloud properties.