In this research we study the effect of matter-wave instability on electron beam transport with arbitrary degree of degeneracy. Particular class of solutions of the Schrödinger-Poisson system is used to model the electron-beam transport at constant speed. It is shown that such electron-beam is described by a coupled driven pseudoforce system solution of which leads to plasmon excitations with dual wave-particle character. The fundamental quantum mechanical de Broglie relation is found to be due to the resonant interaction of particle-like plasmon excitation branch with the electron beam drift. We further obtain a generalized double lengthscale de Broglie wave-particle relation through which various beam-plasmon instability is studied in this model. The quantum charge screening and the chemical potential effects on the matter-wave formation and instabilities are discussed in detail and the well-known Aharonov-Bohm effect is revisited in current quantum hydrodynamic model. Current research may further illuminate the origin of matter-wave in quantum mechanics and lead to clear understanding of novel wave-particle interactions.