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AIP conference proceedings

Polaronic Effect in Lightly Doped High-Tc Cuprates

Tôru Sakai, Didier Poilblanc

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Phonon effect of the in‐plane oxygen atoms is investigated by numerical exact diagonalizations of the t‐J Holstein model. The present study indicate that the breathing vibration mode gives rise to a polaronic effect which yields a broadening of the quasiparticle spectrum, as the one observed in angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

DOI
10.1063/1.2354830

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Polaronic effect in lightly doped high-Tc cuprates

Tôru Sakai, Didier Poilblanc

Phonon effect of the in‐plane oxygen atoms is investigated by numerical exact diagonalizations of the t‐J Holstein model. The present study indicate that the breathing vibration mode gives rise to a polaronic effect which yields a broadening of the quasiparticle spectrum, as the one observed in angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Mar 17, 2006•0 citations

Multimode electron-phonon coupling in the two-dimensional t-J–Holstein model

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Polaronic effects are investigated in the two-dimensional t − J model (describing Cu spins and holes of the planes in high- T c cuprates) in the presence of in-plane dynamic oxygen breathing modes. We focus on the effect of dynamic multi-phonon modes. Spin and charge structure factors are computed. We found evidence for self-localization of the holes and increased short-range antiferromagnetic spin-spin correlations between the remaining spins. This effect persists when all the in-plane oxygen vibration degrees of freedom are taken into account. This suggests that dynamic phonons could play a key role in stabilizing inhomogeneous stripe phases or domain wall structures.

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Abstract How a Mott insulator develops into a weakly coupled metal upon doping is a central question to understanding various emergent correlated phenomena. To analyze this evolution and its connection to the high-Tc cuprates, we study the single-particle spectrum for the doped Hubbard model using cluster perturbation theory on superclusters. Starting from extremely low doping, we identify a heavily renormalized quasiparticle dispersion that immediately develops across the Fermi level, and a weakening polaronic side band at higher binding energy. The quasiparticle spectral weight roughly grows at twice the rate of doping in the low doping regime, but this rate is halved at optimal doping. In the heavily doped regime, we find both strong electron-hole asymmetry and a persistent presence of Mott spectral features. Finally, we discuss the applicability of the single-band Hubbard model to describe the evolution of nodal spectra measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on the single-layer cuprate La2−xSrxCuO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15). This work benchmarks the predictive power of the Hubbard model for electronic properties of high-Tc cuprates.

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The Ordering of Polarons in the Holstein– t-J Model: An Application to La 2- x Sr x NiO 4+ y

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The recently observed ordering of polarons in La 2- x Sr x NiO 4+ y is investigated in terms of a simple one-band model of strongly correlated electrons at quarter filling. The lattice distorsions are described by an in-plane breathing mode which is treated in the adiabatic limit. We use exact diagonalization techniques on small lattices to obtain the ground-state configuration and the excitation spectrum of the Holstein– t-J model. For large enough electron-phonon coupling a state resembling the observed ordering of polarons appears as the ground state of the Holstein– t-J model. We discuss the dependence of the charge and magnetic structure factors on doping away from quarter filling. Within the limits of a finite-lattice calculation our results agree qualitatively with the experiment.

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Spectral properties of Holstein and breathing polarons

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We calculate the spectral properties of the one-dimensional Holstein and breathing polarons using the self-consistent Born approximation. The Holstein model electron-phonon coupling is momentum independent while the breathing coupling increases monotonically with the phonon momentum. We find that for a linear or tight binding electron dispersion: (i) for the same value of the dimensionless coupling the quasiparticle renormalization at small momentum in the breathing polaron is much smaller, (ii) the quasiparticle renormalization at small momentum in the breathing polaron increases with phonon frequency unlike in the Holstein model where it decreases, and (iii) in the Holstein model the quasiparticle dispersion displays a kink and a small gap at an excitation energy equal to the phonon frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$ while in the breathing model it displays two gaps, one at excitation energy ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$ and another one at $2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$. These differences have two reasons: first, the momentum of the relevant scattered phonons increases with increasing polaron momentum and second, the breathing bare coupling is an increasing function of the phonon momentum. These result in an effective electron-phonon coupling for the breathing model which is an increasing function of the total polaron momentum, such that the small momentum polaron is in the weak coupling regime while the large momentum one is in the strong coupling regime. However, the first reason does not hold if the free electron dispersion has low energy states separated by large momentum, as in a higher dimensional system, for example, in this situation the difference between the two models becomes less significant.

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Three-Spin-Polarons and Their Elastic Interaction in Cuprates

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Properties of quasiparticles in doped cuprates formed by an oxygen hole and two adjacent copper holes are investigated on the basis of the extended Hubbard model. The ground state energy, wave functions and the polaron-phonon coupling are calculated. We also analyzed the polaron-polaron interaction via the phonon field. It was found that this interaction is highly anisotropic and can explain the experimentally observed phase separation in the strongly underdoped LaSrCuO:Mn system.

Modern Physics Letters B•May 20, 2003•16 citations
Phonon effect of the in‐plane oxygen atoms is investigated by numerical exact diagonalizations of the t‐J Holstein model. The present study indicate that the breathing vibration mode gives rise to a polaronic effect which yields a broadening of the quasiparticle spectrum, as the one observed in angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
Polaronic effects are investigated in the two-dimensional t − J model (describing Cu spins and holes of the planes in high- T c cuprates) in the presence of in-plane dynamic oxygen breathing modes. We focus on the effect of dynamic multi-phonon modes. Spin and charge structure factors are computed. We found evidence for self-localization of the holes and increased short-range antiferromagnetic spin-spin correlations between the remaining spins. This effect persists when all the in-plane oxygen vibration degrees of freedom are taken into account. This suggests that dynamic phonons could play a key role in stabilizing inhomogeneous stripe phases or domain wall structures.
Abstract How a Mott insulator develops into a weakly coupled metal upon doping is a central question to understanding various emergent correlated phenomena. To analyze this evolution and its connection to the high-Tc cuprates, we study the single-particle spectrum for the doped Hubbard model using cluster perturbation theory on superclusters. Starting from extremely low doping, we identify a heavily renormalized quasiparticle dispersion that immediately develops across the Fermi level, and a weakening polaronic side band at higher binding energy. The quasiparticle spectral weight roughly grows at twice the rate of doping in the low doping regime, but this rate is halved at optimal doping. In the heavily doped regime, we find both strong electron-hole asymmetry and a persistent presence of Mott spectral features. Finally, we discuss the applicability of the single-band Hubbard model to describe the evolution of nodal spectra measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on the single-layer cuprate La2−xSrxCuO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15). This work benchmarks the predictive power of the Hubbard model for electronic properties of high-Tc cuprates.
The recently observed ordering of polarons in La 2- x Sr x NiO 4+ y is investigated in terms of a simple one-band model of strongly correlated electrons at quarter filling. The lattice distorsions are described by an in-plane breathing mode which is treated in the adiabatic limit. We use exact diagonalization techniques on small lattices to obtain the ground-state configuration and the excitation spectrum of the Holstein– t-J model. For large enough electron-phonon coupling a state resembling the observed ordering of polarons appears as the ground state of the Holstein– t-J model. We discuss the dependence of the charge and magnetic structure factors on doping away from quarter filling. Within the limits of a finite-lattice calculation our results agree qualitatively with the experiment.
We calculate the spectral properties of the one-dimensional Holstein and breathing polarons using the self-consistent Born approximation. The Holstein model electron-phonon coupling is momentum independent while the breathing coupling increases monotonically with the phonon momentum. We find that for a linear or tight binding electron dispersion: (i) for the same value of the dimensionless coupling the quasiparticle renormalization at small momentum in the breathing polaron is much smaller, (ii) the quasiparticle renormalization at small momentum in the breathing polaron increases with phonon frequency unlike in the Holstein model where it decreases, and (iii) in the Holstein model the quasiparticle dispersion displays a kink and a small gap at an excitation energy equal to the phonon frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$ while in the breathing model it displays two gaps, one at excitation energy ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$ and another one at $2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$. These differences have two reasons: first, the momentum of the relevant scattered phonons increases with increasing polaron momentum and second, the breathing bare coupling is an increasing function of the phonon momentum. These result in an effective electron-phonon coupling for the breathing model which is an increasing function of the total polaron momentum, such that the small momentum polaron is in the weak coupling regime while the large momentum one is in the strong coupling regime. However, the first reason does not hold if the free electron dispersion has low energy states separated by large momentum, as in a higher dimensional system, for example, in this situation the difference between the two models becomes less significant.