Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Science

Atom Laser Shows That It Is Worthy of the Name

Alexander Hellemans

Published Feb 13, 1998• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

PHYSICS[ Alexander Hellemans ][1] In a conventional a process called stimulated emission acts to rapidly build up a powerful, coherent beam, but some have questioned whether this actually happens in the laser, which was demonstrated for the first time last year. Now the atom laser team makes good on its claim. On page [1005][2], the researchers report evidence that the light in the atom laser--atoms held in a quantum state known as a Bose-Einstein condensate--forms through a process analogous to stimulated emission, as atoms already in the condensate help coax additional atoms into quantum lockstep. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org#name [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/279/5353/1005

DOI
10.1126/science.279.5353.986a

Related papers

Continuous Progress on Atom Lasers

Tilman Pfau

Since the first experiments on Bose-Einstein condensates, researchers have tried to use them to make atom lasers. But although pulsed lasers have been demonstrated, continuous atom laser operation has been elusive. In his Perspective, [Pfau][1] highlights the report by [ Chikkatur et al .][2], who have overcome the problem with a conceptually simple but technically challenging apparatus. The challenge now is to develop high power atom lasers. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/296/5576/2155 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/296/5576/2193

Science•Jun 21, 2002•3 citations

First Atom Laser Shoots Pulses of Coherent Matter

Gary Taubes

The word laser has taken on a new meaning: a beam of atoms marching in quantum lockstep, like the photons of a light laser. Two years ago, physicists achieved the crucial starting point for an atom laser, which could aid everything from atomic clocks to chipmaking, when they created an exotic brew of atoms all merged in a single quantum state. Now, a group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology reports in this issue ( p. 637 ) that they have shaped this “Bose-Einstein condensate” into pulses, each one a single, coherent “matter wave.”

Science•Jan 31, 1997•3 citations

The Atom Laser and Atom Optics

Vasillis E. Lembessis

The transition of atoms from the disorder of the gaseous phase into the “disciplined” behavior of the condensate can be compared with the transformation of chaotic incoherent light into a laser light beam. This analogy leads directly to the definition of the atom laser: a device that produces a beam of boson atoms that have “escaped” from a trapped Bose–Einstein condensate. The operation of our well-known optical laser requires essentially three things: an optical cavity, an active medium, and a mechanism that allows light to escape from the cavity. Within the cavity, a huge number of atoms of the active medium interact with photons. The cavity consists essentially of two mirrors with very high reflectivity onto which the photons are reflected many times. Multiple reflections cause photons to interact continuously with atoms in the cavity, leading to a continuous generation of new photons by stimulated emission. The result is an increase in the number of photons, i.e., amplification of the beam traveling within the cavity. All of the photons have the same frequency and phase (i.e., they oscillate synchronously). Since one of the mirrors is not perfectly reflective, the photons manage to escape from the cavity, resulting in the well-known, monochromatic, and directional laser beam.

SPIE eBooks•Jun 24, 2020•0 citations

New Atom Lasers Eject Atoms or Run CW

Gloria B. Lubkin

The experimental observation of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in rubidium in 1995 demonstrated that a macroscopic number of bosons could be produced in a single quantum state of trapped atoms. The occupation of a single quantum state by a large number of identical bosons is the matter-wave analog of the storage of photons in a single mode of a laser cavity. In a conventional laser, one extracts a coherent beam of photons from a cavity by using a partially transmitting mirror as an output coupler. In 1997, Wolfgang Ketterle and his collaborators at MIT built a pulsed output coupler that extracted matter waves from a condensate, and they observed interference between atoms from two separate condensates, thereby demonstrating an atom laser for the first time (see PHYSICS TODAY, March 1997, page 17).

Physics Today•Apr 1, 1999•1 citation

Molecular condensate

The recent demonstrations of laser-like amplification of atomic beams by Bose-Einstein condensates, less than five years after the first condensates were created, shows just how rapid progress has been in this field (see page 24). Now physicists are attempting a repeat performance with molecules (R Wynar et al. 2000 Science287 1016).

Physics World•Mar 1, 2000•0 citations

An Atom Laser over Optical Lasers

Arbind Kumar Sah

An atom laser is a coherent state of propagating atoms. They are created out of a Bose Einstein Condensation (BEC) of atoms which are output coupled using various techniques. An optical laser or conventional laser generates a coherent beam of light waves where as an atom laser produces a coherent beam of matter waves. An atom laser will have a major impact on the fields of atom optics, atom lithography and precision measurements.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 99-101 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013

Himalayan Physics•Dec 23, 2013•0 citations
PHYSICS Alexander Hellemans In a conventional a process called stimulated emission acts to rapidly build up a powerful, coherent beam, but some have questioned whether this actually happens in the laser, which was demonstrated for the first time last year. Now the atom laser team makes good on its claim. On page 1005, the researchers report evidence that the light in the atom laser--atoms held in a quantum state known as a Bose-Einstein condensate--forms through a process analogous to stimulated emission, as atoms already in the condensate help coax additional atoms into quantum lockstep.
Since the first experiments on Bose-Einstein condensates, researchers have tried to use them to make atom lasers. But although pulsed lasers have been demonstrated, continuous atom laser operation has been elusive. In his Perspective, [Pfau][1] highlights the report by [ Chikkatur et al .][2], who have overcome the problem with a conceptually simple but technically challenging apparatus. The challenge now is to develop high power atom lasers. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/296/5576/2155 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/296/5576/2193
The word laser has taken on a new meaning: a beam of atoms marching in quantum lockstep, like the photons of a light laser. Two years ago, physicists achieved the crucial starting point for an atom laser, which could aid everything from atomic clocks to chipmaking, when they created an exotic brew of atoms all merged in a single quantum state. Now, a group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology reports in this issue ( p. 637 ) that they have shaped this “Bose-Einstein condensate” into pulses, each one a single, coherent “matter wave.”
The transition of atoms from the disorder of the gaseous phase into the “disciplined” behavior of the condensate can be compared with the transformation of chaotic incoherent light into a laser light beam. This analogy leads directly to the definition of the atom laser: a device that produces a beam of boson atoms that have “escaped” from a trapped Bose–Einstein condensate. The operation of our well-known optical laser requires essentially three things: an optical cavity, an active medium, and a mechanism that allows light to escape from the cavity. Within the cavity, a huge number of atoms of the active medium interact with photons. The cavity consists essentially of two mirrors with very high reflectivity onto which the photons are reflected many times. Multiple reflections cause photons to interact continuously with atoms in the cavity, leading to a continuous generation of new photons by stimulated emission. The result is an increase in the number of photons, i.e., amplification of the beam traveling within the cavity. All of the photons have the same frequency and phase (i.e., they oscillate synchronously). Since one of the mirrors is not perfectly reflective, the photons manage to escape from the cavity, resulting in the well-known, monochromatic, and directional laser beam.
The experimental observation of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in rubidium in 1995 demonstrated that a macroscopic number of bosons could be produced in a single quantum state of trapped atoms. The occupation of a single quantum state by a large number of identical bosons is the matter-wave analog of the storage of photons in a single mode of a laser cavity. In a conventional laser, one extracts a coherent beam of photons from a cavity by using a partially transmitting mirror as an output coupler. In 1997, Wolfgang Ketterle and his collaborators at MIT built a pulsed output coupler that extracted matter waves from a condensate, and they observed interference between atoms from two separate condensates, thereby demonstrating an atom laser for the first time (see PHYSICS TODAY, March 1997, page 17).
An atom laser is a coherent state of propagating atoms. They are created out of a Bose Einstein Condensation (BEC) of atoms which are output coupled using various techniques. An optical laser or conventional laser generates a coherent beam of light waves where as an atom laser produces a coherent beam of matter waves. An atom laser will have a major impact on the fields of atom optics, atom lithography and precision measurements.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 99-101 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013