On Quantum Event Structures Part II: Interpretational Aspects

Elias Zafiris

Elias Zafiris

Philipp Strasberg, Joseph Schindler, Jiaozi Wang +1 more

Using the framework of decoherent histories, we study which past events leave detectable records in isolated quantum systems under the realistic assumption that decoherence is approximate and not perfect. In the first part we establish -- asymptotically for a large class of (pseudo-)random histories -- that the number of reliable records can be much smaller than the number of possible events, depending on the degree of decoherence. In the second part we reveal a clear decoherence structure for long histories based on a numerically exact solution of a random matrix model that, as we argue, captures generic aspects of decoherence. We observe recoherence between histories with a small Hamming distance, for localized histories admitting a high purity Petz recovery state, and for maverick histories that are statistical outliers with respect to Born's rule. From the perspective of the Many Worlds Interpretation, the first part -- which views the self-location problem as a coherent version of quantum state discrimination -- reveals a "branch selection problem", and the second part sheds light on the emergence of Born's rule and the theory confirmation problem.

Steven E. Kaufman

In this article both the inner orientation of emotional and mental experience, as well as the outer orientation of physical experience, are described as a function of our particular position and perspective within the fractal Structure of Reality relative to the particular level of Reality at which each of those different types of experience are created. Additionally, the Relational Structure of Reality is described as the framework that underlies our overall apprehension of mental and physical reality by relating the different levels of Reality to different fundamental aspects of what we apprehend as mental and physical reality. Also described is the relation between what is expressed in quantum physics as the wave function and the underlying Structure of Reality from which that expression is derived, including a description of what occurs within that Relational Structure to produce the event referred to as the collapse of the wave function.

Dan Zhu

This paper is Part II of the UD theory foundational series. Part I derives general relativity from the scalar projection (doi: 10.5281/zenodo.19494052). Abstract: This paper derives quantum mechanics from the spinor projection of UD theory. The four-aspect structure (U_U, U_D, D_D, D_U) naturally forms an SU(2) doublet ψ = (U_U + iU_D, D_D + iD_U)^T. Using the equilibrium background values and the mass scale from Part I, we derive the coupled field equations and prove their equivalence to the Dirac equation. In the non-relativistic limit, the Pauli equation follows, reducing to the Schrödinger equation for spinless particles. The SU(2) symmetry is intrinsic, and the U(1) subgroup gives the conserved probability current. Quantum phenomena such as interference are explained directly in UD terms: the D_U field is continuous and interferes; "particles" are discrete coupling events between D_U and D_D. The standard quantum mechanical notions of superposition and collapse are not fundamental—they are artifacts of describing a continuous field in particle language. The UD theory is a metatheoretical framework. It does not replace existing theories but reveals their origins. This paper demonstrates that quantum mechanics is the spinor projection of UD theory—the natural mathematical consequence of extracting a two-component spinor from the four-aspect structure.

Dick J. Hoekzema