Dynamical group, eigenstates and matrix elements for the collective hamiltonian projected from a many body system

Alexandre Belin, Yichao Fu, Federico La Rocca

Matrix elements of simple operators are central to thermalization in chaotic quantum many-body systems. Their moments are often described statistically through the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis. In this paper, we study a more refined characterization of these matrix elements: the eigenspectrum of simple operators once projected to microcanonical energy windows. The spectrum encodes all moments of the matrix elements at once, and is particularly relevant when the spectrum of the Hamiltonian is degenerate. Assuming that the eigenbasis of the simple operator is Haar-randomly oriented with respect to that of the Hamiltonian, we prove that the spectrum of an operator projected to a small microcanonical window obeys Gaussian random matrix statistics. We do this directly by studying the probability distribution inherited from the random orientation, as well as using tools from Free Probability Theory. We discuss the implications for BPS chaos and more generally for eigenstate thermalization.

Cheng-Li Wu

Xiao 晓 Wang 王, Jiaozi Wang, Wen-ge Wang

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the distinctions between dynamical quantum chaotic systems and random models from the perspective of observable properties, particularly focusing on the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). Through numerical simulations, we find that for dynamical systems, the envelope function of off-diagonal elements of observables exhibits an exponential decay at large ΔE, while for randomized models, it tends to be flat. We demonstrate that the correlations of chaotic eigenstates, originating from the delicate structures of Hamiltonians, play a crucial role in the non-trivial structure of the envelope function. Furthermore, we analyze the numerical results from the perspective of the dynamical group elements in Hamiltonians. Our findings highlight the importance of correlations in physical chaotic systems and provide insights into the deviations from random matrix theory (RMT) predictions. These understandings offer valuable directions for future research.

A.K. Petrauskas, L.Yu. Sabalyauskas

Martin Dunn, Brett Allen McKinney, D. K. Watson

Luc Lathouwers, E Duemens

The angular momentum projection technique is worked out for systems with an intrinsic asymmetric deformation. These include asymmetric top molecules and triaxial nuclei. A parameterisation of the rotation group is introduced which allows an approximate but analytical evaluation of angular momentum projected matrix elements. Via symmetric orthonormalisation a quantal definition of the moments of inertia is obtained.