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A Fermionic Quantum Computer with Ultracold Atoms

Julio T. Barreiro

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

I will discuss how state-of-the-art experiments with ultracold atoms in optical lattices can be extended to realize fermionic quantum computations for chemistry, achieved by engineering arbitrary hoping and specific many-body interactions of fermions.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2015.fw4a.3

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We discuss the experimental engineering of model systems for the description of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in one spatial dimension via a mixture of bosonic 23 Na and fermionic 6 Li atoms. The local gauge symmetry is realized in an optical superlattice, using heteronuclear boson–fermion spin-changing interactions which preserve the total spin in every local collision. We consider a large number of bosons residing in the coherent state of a Bose–Einstein condensate on each link between the fermion lattice sites, such that the behavior of lattice QED in the continuum limit can be recovered. The discussion about the range of possible experimental parameters builds, in particular, upon experiences with related setups of fermions interacting with coherent samples of bosonic atoms. We determine the atomic system’s parameters required for the description of fundamental QED processes, such as Schwinger pair production and string breaking. This is achieved by benchmark calculations of the atomic system and of QED itself using functional integral techniques. Our results demonstrate that the dynamics of one-dimensional QED may be realized with ultracold atoms using state-of-the-art experimental resources. The experimental setup proposed may provide a unique access to longstanding open questions for which classical computational methods are no longer applicable.
Most experiments with ultracold atoms in optical lattices have contact interactions and therefore operate at high densities of around one atom per site to observe the effect of strong interactions.Strong ranged interactions can be generated via Rydberg dressing, which opens up the path to exploring the physics of few interacting particles.Rather than the unit cells of a crystal, the sites of the optical lattice can now be interpreted as discretized space.This allows the study of completely new types of problems in a familiar architecture.We investigate the possibility of realizing problems akin to those found in quantum chemistry, although with a different scaling law in the interactions.Through numerical simulation, we show that simple pseudoatoms and pseudomolecules could be prepared with high fidelity in state-of-the-art experiments.