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Information Security and Cryptology

Improved ID-based Authenticated Group Key Agreement Secure Against Impersonation Attack by Insider

Hyewon Park, Tomoyuki Asano, Kwangjo Kim

Published Oct 1, 2009• 4 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Many conference systems over the Internet require authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) for secure and reliable communication. After Shamir [1] proposed the ID-based cryptosystem in 1984, ID-based AGKA protocols have been actively studied because of the simple public key management. In 2006, Zhou et al. [12] proposed two-round ID-based AGKA protocol which is very efficient in communication and computation complexity. However, their protocol does not provide user identification and suffers from the impersonation attack by malicious participants. In this paper, we propose improved ID-based AGKA protocol to prevent impersonation attack from Zhou et al.'s protocol. In our protocol, the malicious insider cannot impersonate another participants even if he knows the ephemeral group secret value. Moreover, our protocol reduces the computation cost from Zhou et al.'s protocol.

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In modern network computing, authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) is important for conferencing. After Shamir [2] proposed the ID-based cryptosystem in 1984, the various applications on the ID-based cryptosystem have been actively studied, due to the simple key management complexity. For the AGKA, Choi et al. [16] proposed an ID-based authenticated group key agreement with bilinear maps, which was extended from Burmester and Desmedt conference key agreement protocol [5]. After that, Zhang and Chen [15] showed that the impersonation attack on Choi et al. protocol is feasible when two malicious users have the previous authentication transcripts of the entity. Shim [19] showed that the insider colluding attacks can be done without the previous transcripts. In this paper, we propose an improved ID-based AGKA. In our scheme, Key Generation Center (KGC) keeps the list of randomized user index instead of only generating private key. The random user indexing means KGC shuffles the order of users’ indices by randomizing to hide it so that the malicious users cannot know the order. KGC also verify all users than only verifies 3 users in Choi et al.’s protocol. Our protocol can prevent replay attack of Zhang and Chen and insider colluding attack of Shim.

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An ID-based authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) protocol allows a group of members to share a key and provide an assurance of key sharing with an intended group with the user's identity, which is used for conferencing environments. In 2004, Choi et al proposed an ID-based authenticated group key agreement with bilinear maps (also called CHL protocols), which was extended from Burmester and Desmedt conference key agreement protocols. Unfortunately, their protocols were found to be vulnerable to the insider attacks in which cases that the two malicious users have the previous authentication transcripts of the party by Zhang, Chen and Shim. In this paper, we proposed an improved ID-based AGKA. In our scheme, each session has a unique session identity which is published by Key Generation Center. With such unique session identity binding to each session, our protocols can prevent the insider attack. Especially, our protocols can not enhance the computationally cost and it is still efficient.

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In PKC 2004, Choi et al. proposed an ID-based authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) protocol using bilinear pairings. Unfortunately, their protocol suffered from an impersonation attack and an insider colluding attack. In 2008, Choi et al. presented an improvement to resist insider attacks. In their modified protocol, they used an ID-based signature scheme on transcripts for binding them in a session to prevent replay of transcripts. In particular, they smartly used the batch verification technique to reduce the computational cost. In this paper, we first show that Choi et al.'s modified AGKA protocol still suffers from an insider colluding attack. Then, we prove that the batch verification of the adopted ID-based signature scheme in their modified protocol suffers from a forgery attack.

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Jisuanji gongcheng•Jan 1, 2009•1 citation
Many conference systems over the Internet require authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) for secure and reliable communication. After Shamir [1] proposed the ID-based cryptosystem in 1984, ID-based AGKA protocols have been actively studied because of the simple public key management. In 2006, Zhou et al. [12] proposed two-round ID-based AGKA protocol which is very efficient in communication and computation complexity. However, their protocol does not provide user identification and suffers from the impersonation attack by malicious participants. In this paper, we propose improved ID-based AGKA protocol to prevent impersonation attack from Zhou et al.'s protocol. In our protocol, the malicious insider cannot impersonate another participants even if he knows the ephemeral group secret value. Moreover, our protocol reduces the computation cost from Zhou et al.'s protocol.
In modern network computing, authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) is important for conferencing. After Shamir [2] proposed the ID-based cryptosystem in 1984, the various applications on the ID-based cryptosystem have been actively studied, due to the simple key management complexity. For the AGKA, Choi et al. [16] proposed an ID-based authenticated group key agreement with bilinear maps, which was extended from Burmester and Desmedt conference key agreement protocol [5]. After that, Zhang and Chen [15] showed that the impersonation attack on Choi et al. protocol is feasible when two malicious users have the previous authentication transcripts of the entity. Shim [19] showed that the insider colluding attacks can be done without the previous transcripts. In this paper, we propose an improved ID-based AGKA. In our scheme, Key Generation Center (KGC) keeps the list of randomized user index instead of only generating private key. The random user indexing means KGC shuffles the order of users’ indices by randomizing to hide it so that the malicious users cannot know the order. KGC also verify all users than only verifies 3 users in Choi et al.’s protocol. Our protocol can prevent replay attack of Zhang and Chen and insider colluding attack of Shim.
An ID-based authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) protocol allows a group of members to share a key and provide an assurance of key sharing with an intended group with the user's identity, which is used for conferencing environments. In 2004, Choi et al proposed an ID-based authenticated group key agreement with bilinear maps (also called CHL protocols), which was extended from Burmester and Desmedt conference key agreement protocols. Unfortunately, their protocols were found to be vulnerable to the insider attacks in which cases that the two malicious users have the previous authentication transcripts of the party by Zhang, Chen and Shim. In this paper, we proposed an improved ID-based AGKA. In our scheme, each session has a unique session identity which is published by Key Generation Center. With such unique session identity binding to each session, our protocols can prevent the insider attack. Especially, our protocols can not enhance the computationally cost and it is still efficient.
In PKC 2004, Choi et al. proposed an ID-based authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) protocol using bilinear pairings. Unfortunately, their protocol suffered from an impersonation attack and an insider colluding attack. In 2008, Choi et al. presented an improvement to resist insider attacks. In their modified protocol, they used an ID-based signature scheme on transcripts for binding them in a session to prevent replay of transcripts. In particular, they smartly used the batch verification technique to reduce the computational cost. In this paper, we first show that Choi et al.'s modified AGKA protocol still suffers from an insider colluding attack. Then, we prove that the batch verification of the adopted ID-based signature scheme in their modified protocol suffers from a forgery attack.
With the development of multiuser online meetings, more group-oriented technologies and applications for instance collaborative work are becoming increasingly important.Authenticated Group Key Agreement (AGKA) schemes provide a shared group key for users with after their identities are confirmed to guarantee the confidentiality and integrity of group communications.On the basis of the Public Key Cryptography (PKC) system used, AGKA can be classified as Public Key Infrastructure-based, Identity-based, and Certificateless.Because the latter type can solve the certificate management overhead and the key escrow problems of the first two types, Certificateless-AGKA (CL-AGKA) protocols have become a popular area of research.However, most CL-AGKA protocols are vulnerable to Public Key Replacement Attacks (PKRA) due to the lack of public key authentication.In the present work, we present a CL-AGKA scheme that can resist PKRA in order to solve impersonation attacks caused by those attacks.Beyond security, improving scheme efficiency is another direction for AGKA research.To reduce the communication and computation cost, we present a scheme with only one round of information interaction and construct a CL-AGKA scheme replacing the bilinear pairing with elliptic curve cryptography.Therefore, our scheme has good applicability to communication environments with limited bandwidth and computing capabilities.
In modern collaborative and distributed applications, authenticated group key agreement (AGKA) is one of the important issues. In this paper, we present that one existing certificateless AGKA protocol has some security drawbacks and does not satisfy some security attributes required for AGKA protocols. To overcome its drawbacks, we propose a secure and efficient protocol upon the initial one and a signature scheme proved secure in the random oracle model. The security analysis shows that our improved protocol can achieve Explicit key authentication, Known session key security, Known ephemeral secrets security, Perfect forward security, No key compromise impersonation, No key control and No unknown key share. With respect to efficiency, our protocol only needs three communication rounds. In each protocol run, only three pairing computations are involved for each participant.