I Infinite Renormalization of the Hamiltonian Is Necessary.- II Quantum Field Theory Models.- I. The ?22n Model.- Fock space.- Q space.- The Hamiltonian H(g).- Removing the space cutoff.- Lorentz covariance and the Haag-Kastler axioms.- II. The Yukawa Model.- Preliminaries.- First and second order estimates.- Resolvent convergence and self adjointness.- The Heisenberg picture.- III Boson Quantum Field Models.- I. General Results.- Hermite operators.- Gaussian measures and the Schrodinger representation.- Hermite expansions and Fock space.- II. The Solution of Two-Dimensional Boson Models.- The interaction Hamiltonian.- The free Hamiltonian.- Self-adjointness of H(g).- The local algebras and the Lorentz group automorphisms.- IV Boson Quantum Field Models.- III. Further Developments.- Locally normal representations of the observables.- The construction of the physical vaccum.- Formal perturbation theory and models in three space-time dimensions.- V The Particle Structure of the Weakly Coupled P(?)2 Model and Other Applications of High Temperature Expansions.- I. Physics of Quantum Field Models.- Five years of models.- From estimates to physics.- Bound states and resonances.- Phase space localization and renormalization.- VI The Particle Structure of the Weakly Coupled P(?)2 Model and Other Applications of High Temperature Expansions.- II. The Cluster Expansion.- The main results.- The cluster expansion.- Clustering and analyticity: proof of the main results.- Convergence: the main ideas.- An equation of Kirkwood-Salsburg type.- Covariance operators.- Derivatives of covariance operators.- Gaussian integrals.- Convergence: the proof completed.- VII Particles and Bound States and Progess Toward Unitarity and Scaling.- VIII Critical Problems in Quantum Fields.- IX Existence of Phase Transitions for ?24 Quantum Fields.- X Critical Exponents and Renormalization in the ?4 Scaling Limit.- Formulation of the problem.- The scaling and critical point limits.- Renormalization of the ?2(x) field.- Existence of the scaling limit.- The Josephson inequality.- XI A Tutorial Course in Constructive Field Theory.- e?tH as a functional integral.- Examples.- Applications of the functional integral representation.- Ising, Gaussian and scaling limits.- Main results.- Correlation inequalities.- Absence of even bound states.- Bound on g.- Bound on dm2/d? and particles.- The conjecture ?(6) ? 0.- Cluster expansions.- The region of convergence.- The zeroth order expansion.- The primitive expansion.- Factorization and partial resummation.- Typical applications.
I Infinite Renormalization of the Hamiltonian Is Necessary.- II Quantum Field Theory Models.- I. The ?22n Model.- Fock space.- Q space.- The Hamiltonian H(g).- Removing the space cutoff.- Lorentz covariance and the Haag-Kastler axioms.- II. The Yukawa Model.- Preliminaries.- First and second order estimates.- Resolvent convergence and self adjointness.- The Heisenberg picture.- III Boson Quantum Field Models.- I. General Results.- Hermite operators.- Gaussian measures and the Schrodinger representation.- Hermite expansions and Fock space.- II. The Solution of Two-Dimensional Boson Models.- The interaction Hamiltonian.- The free Hamiltonian.- Self-adjointness of H(g).- The local algebras and the Lorentz group automorphisms.- IV Boson Quantum Field Models.- III. Further Developments.- Locally normal representations of the observables.- The construction of the physical vaccum.- Formal perturbation theory and models in three space-time dimensions.- V The Particle Structure of the Weakly Coupled P(?)2 Model and Other Applications of High Temperature Expansions.- I. Physics of Quantum Field Models.- Five years of models.- From estimates to physics.- Bound states and resonances.- Phase space localization and renormalization.- VI The Particle Structure of the Weakly Coupled P(?)2 Model and Other Applications of High Temperature Expansions.- II. The Cluster Expansion.- The main results.- The cluster expansion.- Clustering and analyticity: proof of the main results.- Convergence: the main ideas.- An equation of Kirkwood-Salsburg type.- Covariance operators.- Derivatives of covariance operators.- Gaussian integrals.- Convergence: the proof completed.- VII Particles and Bound States and Progess Toward Unitarity and Scaling.- VIII Critical Problems in Quantum Fields.- IX Existence of Phase Transitions for ?24 Quantum Fields.- X Critical Exponents and Renormalization in the ?4 Scaling Limit.- Formulation of the problem.- The scaling and critical point limits.- Renormalization of the ?2(x) field.- Existence of the scaling limit.- The Josephson inequality.- XI A Tutorial Course in Constructive Field Theory.- e?tH as a functional integral.- Examples.- Applications of the functional integral representation.- Ising, Gaussian and scaling limits.- Main results.- Correlation inequalities.- Absence of even bound states.- Bound on g.- Bound on dm2/d? and particles.- The conjecture ?(6) ? 0.- Cluster expansions.- The region of convergence.- The zeroth order expansion.- The primitive expansion.- Factorization and partial resummation.- Typical applications.
Preface Part I. Quantum Mechanics: 1. On the low density of Boson models: Langevin equation L. Accardi and L. Y. Gang 2. Schrodinger operators with potentials supported by null sets S. Albeverio, J. E. Fenstad, R. Hoegh-Krohn, W. Karwowski and T. Lindstrom 3. Landau Hamiltonians on symmetric spaces J. E. Avron and A. Pnueli 4. Renormalization group analysis and quasicrystals J. Bellissard 5. The measurement problem in the stochastic formulation of quantum mechanics Ph. Blanchard, M. Cini and M. Serva 6. Schrodinger operators at threshold D. Bolle 7. Spectral analysis and scattering theory for Schrodinger operators with an interaction supported by a regular curve J. F. Brasche and A. Teta 8. Lattice models of solids V. V. Evstratov and B. S. Pavlov 9. Schrodinger operators on unusual manifolds P. Exner and P. Seba 10. High energy resolvent estimates for Schrodinger operators A. Jensen 11. Point interactions as solvable models W. Kirsch 12. Stochastic model of quantum mechanics V. P. Maslov Part II. Quantum Field Theory: 13. Maximality of infinite dimensional Dirichlet forms and Hoegh-Krohn's model of quantum fields S. Albeverio and S. Kusuoka 14. Global Markov property in quantum field theory and statistical mechanics: a review on results and problems S. Albeverio and B. Zegarlinski 15. Hypercontractivity: a bibliographic review E. B. Davies, L. B. Gross and B. Simon 16. Progress and problems in algebraic quantum field theory S. Doplicher 17. Hoegh-Krohn's model of quantum fields and the absolute continuity of measures S. Kusuoka 18. Baryon states in lattice QCD R. A. Minlos and E. A. Zhinzhina 19. The energy of a Weyl soliton R. F. Streater Part III. Statistical Physics: 20. Morphology and classification of galaxies: a stochastic model S. Albeverio, Ph. Blanchard, D. Gandolfo, R. Hoegh-Krohn and M. Mebkhout 21. Thermodynamic inequalities for the surface tension and the geometry of the Wulff construction R. L. Dobrushin and S. B. Shlosman 22. Verification of the global Markov property for strongly coupled trigonometric interactions R. Gielerak 23. Decomposition of Ising models and the Mayer expansion C. M. Newman and G. A. Baker, Jr 24. Towards time-dynamics for bosonic systems in quantum statistical mechanics A. G. Shuhov, Yu. M. Suhov and A. V. Teslenko 25. Towards time-dynamics for bosonic systems in quantum statistical mechanics, 2 A. G. Shuhov and Yu. M. Suhov.
1 Quantum Boltzmann Statistics in Interacting Systems.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Quantum Boltzmann statistics for entangled operators.- 3 References.- 2 Interaction Representation Method for Markov Master Equations in Quantum Optics.- 1 Sufficient conditions for conservativity.- 2 A priori bounds.- 3 Structure of generators of MME in quantum optics.- 4 Examples.- 5 Discussion.- 6 References.- 3 A Stochastic Variational Principle for Burgers Equation and its Symmetries.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Variational problem.- 3 Stochastic first integrals.- 4 An integration by parts formula.- 5 References.- 4 Noncommutative Versions of Prohorov and Varadhan Theorems.- 1 Vague and narrow convergence of positive functionals.- 1.1 Vague and narrow topologies.- 1.2 Tightness.- 1.3 Application to quantum dynamical semigroups.- 2 Noncommutative large deviations.- 2.1 Noncommutative capacities and q-semi-continuity.- 2.2 Large deviation principle for states.- 2.3 General Varadhan-type theorem.- 3 References.- 5 Gaussian Domination and Bose-Einstein Condensation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Some Historical Remarks.- 2.1 Mean field and related model systems: Some mathematical approaches.- 2.2 Infrared bounds approach.- 3 Model Systems.- 4 Gaussian Domination and its Application to the Study of Bose Systems.- 4.1 Bogolubov's inner product.- 4.2 Bose-Einstein condensation.- 4.3 Upper and Lower Bounds on ⟨n^j⟩.- 4.4 Gaussian Domination and upper bound on (aj†,aj)HL.- 4.5 The phase transition.- 5 References.- 6 Quantum Markov Semigroups and their Stationary States.- 1 Introduction.- 1.1 Preliminaries.- 2 Ergodic theorems.- 3 The minimal quantum dynamical semigroup.- 4 The existence of Stationary States.- 4.1 A general result.- 4.2 Conditions on the generator.- 4.3 Applications.- 5 Faithful Stationary States and Irreducibility.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 The support of an invariant state.- 5.3 Subharmonic projections. The case A=B (h).- 5.4 Examples.- 6 The convergence towards the equilibrium.- 6.1 A result due to Frigerio and Verri.- 6.2 Quantum Markovian Cocycles.- 6.3 Main results.- 6.4 Applications.- 7 References.- 7 Exponential Decay for Perturbations of Pure Point Hamiltonians.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Absolutely continuous perburbations of pure point operators.- 3 Sojourn time and Spectral Entropy.- 4 References.- 8 Propagation of Chaos in Classical and Quantum Kinetics.- 1 Overview.- 2 Classical and Quantum Molecular Chaos.- 2.1 Classical molecular chaos.- 2.2 Quantum molecular chaos.- 2.3 Spohn's quantum mean-field dynamics.- 3 Classical Manifestations of the Propagation of Quantum Molecular Chaos.- 3.1 Measurement of complete observables.- 3.2 Generalized measurements.- 4 Acknowledgements.- 5 References.- 9 Imprimitivity Systems and Quantum Codes.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Imprimitivity systems and quantization of classical codes.- 3 Tensor products of imprimitivity system and quantum codes.- 4 References.- 10 Boson Fock Algebra on the Unit Ball of the d-Dimensional Complex Numbers.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Operators on the algebra A0 (Bd).- 3 Introduction to Boson Fock space.- 4 Boson Fock space on the unit ball.- 5 References.
1. Quantum Field Theory and Renormalization Group 2. Gaussian Expectation Values. Steepest Descent Method . 3. Universality and Continuum Limit 4. Classical Statistical Physics: One Dimension 5. Continuum Limit and Path Integral 6. Ferromagnetic Systems. Correlations 7. Phase transitions: Generalities and Examples 8. Quasi-Gaussian Approximation: Universality, Critical Dimension 9. Renormalization Group: General Formulation 10. Perturbative Renormalization Group: Explicit Calculations 11. Renormalization group: N-component fields 12. Statistical Field Theory: Perturbative Expansion 13. The sigma4 Field Theory near Dimension 4 14. The O(N) Symmetric (phi2)2 Field Theory: Large N Limit 15. The Non-Linear sigma-Model 16. Functional Renormalization Group Appendix 1. Quantum Field Theory and Renormalization Group 2. Gaussian Expectation Values. Steepest Descent Method . 3. Universality and Continuum Limit 4. Classical Statistical Physics: One Dimension 5. Continuum Limit and Path Integral 6. Ferromagnetic Systems. Correlations 7. Phase transitions: Generalities and Examples 8. Quasi-Gaussian Approximation: Universality, Critical Dimension 9. Renormalization Group: General Formulation 10. Perturbative Renormalization Group: Explicit Calculations 11. Renormalization group: N-component fields 12. Statistical Field Theory: Perturbative Expansion 13. The sigma4 Field Theory near Dimension 4 14. The O(N) Symmetric (phi2)2 Field Theory: Large N Limit 15. The Non-Linear sigma-Model 16. Functional Renormalization Group Appendix
Acknowledgements List symbols, conventions, and formulary Part I. The Physical and Mathematical Environment: 1. The physical and mathematical environment Part II. Quantum Mechanics: 2. First lesson: gaussian integrals 3. Selected examples 4. Semiclassical expansion: WKB 5. Semiclassical expansion: beyond WKB 6. Quantum dynamics: path integrals and operator formalism Part III. Methods from Differential Geometry: 7. Symmetries 8. Homotopy 9. Grassmann analysis: basics 10. Grassmann analysis: applications 11. Volume elements, divergences, gradients Part IV. Non-Gaussian Applications: 12. Poisson processes in physics 13. A mathematical theory of Poisson processes 14. First exit time: energy problems Part V. Problems in Quantum Field Theory: 15. Renormalization 1: an introduction 16. Renormalization 2: scaling 17. Renormalization 3: combinatorics 18. Volume elements in quantum field theory Bryce DeWitt Part VI. Projects: 19. Projects Appendix A. Forward and backward integrals: spaces of pointed paths Appendix B. Product integrals Appendix C. A compendium of gaussian integrals Appendix D. Wick calculus Alexander Wurm Appendix E. The Jacobi operator Appendix F. Change of variables of integration Appendix G. Analytic properties of covariances Appendix H. Feynman's checkerboard Bibliography Index.
This book provides an elementary introduction to the notions of continuum limit and universality in statistical systems with a large number of degrees of freedom. The existence of a continuum limit requires the appearance of correlations at large distance, a situation that is encountered in second order phase transitions, near the critical temperature. In this context, the book emphasizes the role of gaussian distributions and their relations with the mean field approximation and Landau′s theory of critical phenomena. The book shows that quasi-gaussian or mean-field approximations cannot describe correctly phase transitions in three space dimensions. The book assigns this difficulty to the coupling of very different physical length scales, even though the systems we will consider have only local, that is, short range, interactions. To analyze the unusual situation, a new concept is required: the renormalization group, whose fixed points allow understanding the universality of physical properties at large distance, beyond mean-field theory. In the continuum limit, critical phenomena can be described by quantum field theories. In this framework, the renormalization group is directly related to the renormalization process; that is, the necessity to cancel the infinities that arise in straightforward formulations of the theory. The book discusses the renormalization group in the context of various relevant field theories. This leads to proofs of universality and to efficient tools for calculating universal quantities in a perturbative framework. Finally, the book constructs a general functional renormalization group, which can be used when perturbative methods are inadequate.
Abstract Introduced as a quantum extension of Maxwell's classical theory, quantum electrodynamic (QED) has been the first example of a quantum field theory (QFT). Eventually, QFT has become the framework for the discussion of all fundamental interactions at the microscopic scale except, possibly, gravity. More surprisingly, it has also provided a framework for the understanding of second order phase transitions in statistical mechanics. In fact, as hopefully this work illustrates, QFT is the natural framework for the discussion of most systems involving an infinite number of degrees of freedom with local couplings. These systems range from cold Bose gases at the condensation temperature (about ten nanokelvin) to conventional phase transitions (from a few degrees to several hundred) and high energy particle physics up to a TeV, altogether more than twenty orders of magnitude in the energy scale. Therefore, although excellent textbooks about QFT had already been published, I thought, many years ago, that it might not be completely worthless to present a work in which the strong formal relations between particle physics and the theory of critical phenomena are systematically emphasized. This option explains some of the choices made in the presentation. A formulation in terms of field integrals has been adopted to study the properties of QFT. The language of partition and correlation functions has been used throughout, even in applications of QFT to particle physics. Renormalization and renormalization group (RG) properties are systematically discussed. The notion of effective field theory (EFT) and the emergence of renormalizable theories are described. The consequences for fine-tuning and triviality issue are emphasized. This fifth edition has been updated and fully revised.