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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Near-Field Correlations in the Two-Photon Field

Martin P. van Exter, H. Di Lorenzo Pires

Published Jan 1, 2009• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate intriguing fine structures in the two-photon field that reflect the (near-field) spatial correlations within the SPDC-generated photon pairs. These structures exhibit among others a surface-enhanced two-photon yield and spatial antibunching.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2009.iwc2

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We experimentally demonstrate how the two-photon field generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion contains an intriguing fine structure associated with the positional spread within the photon pair. The obtained results provide a three-dimensional picture of the near-field correlations, which are determined by the phase-matching conditions. These correlations are compared with previous results on second-harmonic generation, spatial antibunching, and transverse entanglement in parametric down-conversion.
In experiments with spontaneous parametric down conversion the near-field plane is usually defined as the output facet of the generating crystal. Experimentally, however, the spatial correlations are accessed via an imaging system and observed in a region around the image of the output facet. We show that the imaged two-photon field has a very rich transverse and longitudinal structure, which is determined by the phase-matching conditions. We observe many intriguing three-dimensional structures that demonstrate the presence of spatial antibunching, an extreme localization of twin photons, and spatial correlations that resemble Bessel beams in propagation. We link these observations with previous results in second harmonic generation and predict the presence of fourth-order phase singularities. Both experiments and theory are presented, yielding further insight into the nature of the two-photon field.