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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Tomographic recovering of radiation state's Wigner distribution: a novel tool for characterizing optical devices

Giacomo Mauro D’Ariano, Matteo G. A. Paris, M. De Laurentis, A. Porzio, S. Solimeno

Published Jun 25, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. Quantum homodyne tomography (QHT) is the most successful technique for measuring the quantum state of light. It is based on numerical manipulation of balanced homodyne data. So far QHT is the only method successfully employed in a number of experiments to reconstruct the quantum state. We report QHT as a tool for the quantum characterization of optical devices. The goal is to link the estimation of relevant parameters with the results of homodyne detection.

DOI
10.1109/qels.2002.1031028

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Summary form only given. Quantum homodyne tomography (QHT) is the most successful technique for measuring the quantum state of light. It is based on numerical manipulation of balanced homodyne data. So far QHT is the only method successfully employed in a number of experiments to reconstruct the quantum state. We report QHT as a tool for the quantum characterization of optical devices. The goal is to link the estimation of relevant parameters with the results of homodyne detection.
We describe a novel tool for the quantum characterization of optical devices. The experimental set-up involves a stable reference state that undergoes an unknown quantum transformation and is then revealed by balanced homodyne detection. Through tomographic analysis of the homodyne data we are able to characterize the signal and to estimate parameters of the interaction, such as the loss of an optical component or the gain of an amplifier. We present experimental results for coherent signals, with application to the estimation of losses introduced by simple optical components, and show how these results can be extended to the characterization of more general optical devices.
We describe a novel tool for the quantum characterization of optical devices. The experimental setup involves a stable reference state that undergoes an unknown quantum transformation and is then revealed by balanced homodyne detection. Through tomographic analysis on the homodyne data we are able to characterize the signal and to estimate parameters of the interaction, such as the loss of an optical component, or the gain of an amplifier. We present experimental results for coherent signals, with application to the estimation of losses introduced by simple optical components, and show how these results can be extended to the characterization of more general optical devices.
Quantum tomography is a procedure to determine the quantum state of a physical system, or equivalently, to estimate the expectation value of any operator. It consists in appropriately averaging the outcomes of the measurement results of different observables, obtained on identical copies of the same system. Alternatively, it consists in maximizing an appropriate likelihood function defined on the same data. The procedure can be also used to completely characterize an unknown apparatus. Here we focus on the electromagnetic field, where the tomographic observables are obtained from homodyne detection.
We have exploited pattern function quantum homodyne tomography (QHT) to enlight deviations from the Gaussian state for a squeezed vacuum field generated by a type-I below threshold OPO. This tomographic method allows to fully characterize the state without any a--priori assumption on its statistics. Applying pattern function QHT to the radiation outing a type-I below threshold OPO, we have measured photon number distributions different from those expected for a Gaussian field. Being the Wigner function and the quadrature marginal distribution Gaussian for a Gaussian field, the actual state has been analysed by looking at data variance and Kurtosis (0 for a Gaussian distribution) as a function of the quadrature angle θ. A clear deviation of the Kurtosis from zero has been found for different OPO cavities. This deviation increases as the threshold is approached.