Tuning entanglement in quantum computation and information

Zhen Huang

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations

Abstract

This thesis studies four related projects: tuning entanglement for spin systems, de-coherence and dynamics of entanglement, entanglement as measure of electron correlation in chemical systems and quantum algorithms to search for global minima. Chapter 1 presents a general introduction and the motivation for these research areas. It is composed of a brief review of the history and the future of modern computers and the state-of-art areas in quantum computation and information. Chapter 2 will be dedicated to introducing the concept of entanglement, its importance, quantification and applications. Then in Chapter 3, the properties of a set of localized spins, which are coupled to an external magnetic field through exchange interaction, are investigated. It is shown that entanglement can be controlled and tuned by varying the anisotropy parameter in the Hamiltonian, and by introducing impurities into the systems. Furthermore, the scheme for amplifying the internal entanglement by external interaction is also studied. In Chapter 4, the applications of the entanglement concept for de-coherence and dynamics is considered. In particular, the dynamics of entanglement for one-dimensional spin systems, which are coupled through nearest neighbor exchange interaction and subject to an external time-dependent magnetic field, is investigated. Using the two-site density matrix, the time-dependent entanglement of formation between nearest neighbor qubits is calculated. It is found that the entanglement can be localized between nearest neighbor qubits for certain values of the external time-dependent magnetic field. In quantum chemistry calculations, the correlation energy is defined as the difference between the Hartree-Fock limit energy and the exact solution of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation. In Chapter 5, the application of entanglement as an alternative measure of the electron correlation in quantum chemistry calculations is proposed. Entanglement is directly observable and it is one of the most striking properties of quantum mechanics. Finally, Chapter 6 presents the latest research results in developing quantum algorithms for searching the global minima. In this Chapter, the modified Grover’s quantum algorithm using modest numbers of quantum bits to find a global minimum for real problems is demonstrated.

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